
Introduction: Behavior is the capacity of an animal to learn through experience. Behavioral ecology is the study of how natural selection shapes the behavior of an organism. If the response is associated with a particular stimulus, then it is called associative learning. Associative learning is facilitated by conditioning.

Answer to Problem 1E
Correct answer: Operant conditioning describes learning that occurs as a result of reinforcement.
Explanation of Solution
The two main forms of conditioning are classical and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning is the involuntary response to a stimulus. The voluntary response (that is adapted by the environmental consequences) that provides benefits to the organism is called operant conditioning. The reinforcement is utilized in operant conditioning in order to increase the desired behavior. Also, in operant conditioning, conditioned behavior is gradually modified by the consequences, as the animal responds to the stimulus.
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Essentials of Understanding Psychology
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