Chapter 16, Problem 16.6A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The solution with lowest pH and the solution with largest dissociation of B should be determined from the given data and pictures.

Concept introduction:

From the Lewis concept, an acid is a substance which can donate an electron pair while a base is a substance which can accept an electron pair.
While from the Bronsted-Lowrey theory, the acid-base remains in the form of conjugate pair.
A conjugate acid is a base which accepts an H+ ion while a conjugate base is an acid which donates the H+ ion.
For example:
Ammonia ( $N{H}_3$ ) is a weak base whose conjugate acid is $(N{H}_4^{+})$.
Similarly, $(HCl)$ is a strong acid whose conjugate base is $(C{l}^{-})$.
From the theory, conjugate acid of a weak base is strong while conjugate acid of a strong base is weak and vice-versa.
The pH is the measurement scale of acidity of any solution which is obtained by measuring the concentration of $H^{+}ions$ in a given solutions. The scale ranges from 0 to 14 in which point 0 till 7 are known as acidic, point 7 is known as neutral and from 7 to 14 is known as alkaline strength.