PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICS (OER)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172340
Author: Timothy Taylor, Steven A. Greenlaw
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 15RQ
How can deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance reduce moral hazard?
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1800 tons of pomegranates a year is a lot of sweetness!
So, you can get 71 Afghanis for $1? How cool. Does that mean you can buy a lot of stuff in Afghanistan for only $1? How do you know that your purchasing power in Afghanistan is stronger than in the United States?
Yes, with an exchange rate of 71 Afghan Afghani for 1 US dollar, you can buy many things in Afghanistan for just $1. However, purchasing power isn't solely determined by the exchange rate. It also depends on the cost of goods and services in each country. For example, if a meal in Afghanistan costs 200 Afghanis, you would need about $2.82 to buy that meal in US dollars (since 200 Afghanis divided by 71 Afghanis per dollar equals approximately $2.82). So, while the exchange rate allows you to get more Afghanis for your dollars, you also need to consider how much things cost in Afghanistan.
Now that the world seems to like Afghani stuff and is buying more of it, does that mean your…
The idea that a country can experience gains from trade means that it can
A) consume at a point outside its production possibilities frontier.
B) increase its exports.
C) increase the efficiency of its production.
D) experience a bowed-out production possibilities frontier.
Chapter 16 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICS (OER)
Ch. 16 - For each of the following purchases, say whether...Ch. 16 - Why is there asymmetric information in the labor...Ch. 16 - Why is it difficult to measure health outcomes?Ch. 16 - Why might it be difficult for a buyer and seller...Ch. 16 - What do economists (and used-car dealers) mean by...Ch. 16 - What are some ways a seller of goods might...Ch. 16 - What are some ways a seller of labor (that is,...Ch. 16 - What are some ways that someone looking for a loan...Ch. 16 - What is an insurance premium?Ch. 16 - In an insurance system, would you expect each...
Ch. 16 - What is an actuarially fair insurance policy?Ch. 16 - What is the problem of moral hazard?Ch. 16 - How can moral hazard lead to more costly insurance...Ch. 16 - Define deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance.Ch. 16 - How can deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance...Ch. 16 - What is the key difference between a...Ch. 16 - How might adverse selection make it difficult for...Ch. 16 - What are some of the metrics economists use to...Ch. 16 - You are on the board of directors of a private...Ch. 16 - A website offers a place for people to buy and...Ch. 16 - How do you think the problem of moral hazard might...Ch. 16 - To what sorts of customers would an insurance...Ch. 16 - Using Exercise 16.20, sketch the effects in parts...
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- A country is likely to have a comparative advantage in a land-intensive activity if it has a A) alot of land relative to its population. B) large population relative to its landmass. C) higher opportunity cost of producing technology. D) large amount of capital equipment relative to its population.arrow_forwardFlorin and Guilder are two countries separated by a narrow sea. They use currencies called, respectively, the Flop and the Gulp. Suppose the nominal exchange rate is 20 Flops per Gulp. A Guilderian trader buys a 120 Flop barrel of Florish pickles by exchanging 6 Gulps, and a Florish trader buys a 4 Gulp crate of Guilderian apples by exchanging 80 Flops. Then the Gulp depreciates to 10 Flops per Gulp. Instructions: Enter your answers as whole numbers. How much must the Guilderian pay for the same 120 Flop barrel of pickles? Gulps How much must the Florish trader pay for the same 4 Gulp crate of apples? Flopsarrow_forwardSuppose the nominal exchange rate is 5 Flops per Gulp. A Guilderian trader buys a 40 Flop barrel of Florish pickles by exchanging 8 Gulps, and a Florish trader buys a 10 Gulp crate of Guilderian apples by exchanging 50 Flops. Then the Gulp appreciates to 10 Flops per Gulp. What price must the Guilderian pay for the same 40 Flop barrel of pickles? Gulps How much must the Florish trader pay for the same 10 Gulp crate of apples? Flopsarrow_forward
- Suppose the nominal exchange rate is 0.25 Flops per Gulp. A Guilderian trader wants to buy a barrel of Florish turnips for 20 Flops. How many Gulps must he convert to get that many Flops?arrow_forward3. With 17,508 islands, 700 languages, 58 active volcanoes, Indonesia is a dream place. Your company, located in the United States, specializes in importing electrical equipment from Indonesia. In 2023, the United States imported a total of $4.63 billion of electrical and electronic equipment from Indonesia. As of 2024, the average currency exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and Indonesian Rupiah is 1 U.S. dollar to 15,458 Rupiah. However, the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Rupiah has been declining for the past 3 months. Basically, the U.S. dollar continues to depreciate against the Rupiah. While chilling in your living room with your friends and watching the evening news, you hear a reporter state the following: "Due to stubborn high inflation in the United States, the central bank decided to raise the interest rate to control the growth of inflation." The next day, you shared that news with your team at work, and one of teammates seemed confused because she did…arrow_forward1. 1800 tons of pomegranates a year is a lot of sweetness! Summertime is approaching, and you decide to spend your summer vacation with your Aunt Zahra who lives in Jalalabad. Jalalabad is one of the major cities in Afghanistan and is known for its rich cultural heritage. It also has economic importance and is especially well-known for its luscious fruits, such as pomegranates, grapes, and mulberries, and also for its beautiful mountains. Your plan is to travel around while there visiting national parks and local villages and to purchase locally made gifts for your family and friends who live in the United States. Part of your trip plan is to figure out how much money you will need to bring with you to Afghanistan. You learned that the exchange rate is 71 Afghan Afghani for 1 US dollar. Now, you are one month away from your departure time to Jalalabad, and as you were surfing the net to learn about the country and to learn a few greeting words in Afghani, you came across a recent…arrow_forward
- An economy originally operates at the full employment output level. Suppose the economy suddenly experiences a rapid growth in aggregate demand. a. With the aid of an AS-AD diagram, explain why there will be inflationary pressure in the short run. b. suppose the government does not intervene. Using the same diagram in part (a) and with reference to the market adjustment mechanism from the short run to the long run, explain whether the inflationary pressure can be relieved in the long run. C. With the aid of another diagram, suggest ONE fiscal policy that can deal with the inflation. Suggest THREE methods that the government can use to promote economic growth in the long run.arrow_forwardThe table below shows pizza topping preferences for Marcus, Dakota, and Austin, and that each individual has strictly transitive preferences. Suppose that three individuals make up our "society." In this society, prefer pepperoni to cheese pizza; _prefer cheese to supreme; and prefer supreme to pepperoni. This example illustrates that _ Person Marcus Dakota Austin 0000 First Preference Pepperoni Supreme Cheese Second Preference Cheese Pepperoni Supreme Third Preference Supreme Cheese Pepperoni two-thirds; two-thirds; two-thirds; even if individuals' preferences might satisfy the transitive property, societal preferences may not. two-thirds; two-thirds; everyone; if individuals' preferences satisfy the transitive property, societal preferences must also. two-thirds; two-thirds; everyone; even if individuals' preferences might satisfy the transitive property, societal preferences may not. two-thirds; two-thirds; two-thirds; if individuals' preferences satisfy the transitive property,…arrow_forwardConsider the table below, which has data on insurance status and medical expenditures for different types of professors at Hypothetical University (HU), economics & criminology professors. Assume that there are an equal number of economics and criminology professors. Assume further that econ professors all have the same level of health and criminology professors all have the same level of health. In 2020, every professor was offered a full insurance contract with no premium. In 2021, HU charged any employee who wanted to keep health insurance the actuarially fair premium based on 2020 expenditures. This premium would be equal to and, as a result,professors dropped their coverage in 2021. _ 2020 2021 Insured? Avg. Expenditures Insured? Avg. Expenditures Economics Professors Criminology Professors Yes Yes $25,000 $15,000 000000 $15,000; criminology $25,000; econ $20,000; econ $15,000; econ $20,000; criminology $25,000; criminology ??? $28,000 ??? $10,000arrow_forward
- Consider the table below, which has data on insurance status and medical expenditures for different types of professors at Hypothetical University (HU), economics & criminology professors. Assume that there are an equal number of economics and criminology professors. Assume further that econ professors all have the same level of health and criminology professors all have the same level of health. There is evidence of 2021 Insured? Avg. Expenditures Insured? Avg. Expenditures 2020 Economics Professors Criminology Professors Yes. Yes $25,000 $15,000 0000 ??? ??? $28,000 $10,000 I. moral hazard because in 2021 criminology professors dropped their coverage and health expenditures went down. II. adverse selection because in response to rising premiums after 2020, the professors with lower health expenditure dropped coverage Both I and II neither I nor IIarrow_forward0000 Health Suppose that you graph nations' health expenditures against income and see that the US's point lies below others (like in the stylized figure below). From the graph below, it appears that the US is However, this may not be the case if_ Switzerland UK US HPF Health expenditures productively inefficient; The US has a population that prefers spending their resources on health productively efficient; The US has a population that prefers spending their resources on health productively efficient; The US has lower levels of inherent health, therefore it has its own HPF which is lower than the others. productively inefficient; The US has lower levels of inherent health, therefore it has its own HPF which is lower than the others.arrow_forwardPlease match the definition to the term that best fits. This occurs when less-risky people are more likely to enroll in health insurance. How much spent out-of-pocket before insurance kicks-in. When no more units of a good can be produced without decreasing the amount of another good or service The amount that the insurance company pays the customer when an insured event occurs. When an individuals income is state independent Behavior changes that occur before an insured event happens and make that event more likely to occur. The fraction of the medical bill that the consumer is responsible for. The fixed amount that is paid for a service at the time service is rendered. This occurs when marginal benefit of a good to a consumer is equal to marginal cost of production Behavior changes that occur after an insured event happens and make recovering from that event more expensive. Monthly fee to enroll in insurance The oversupply of low-quality goods, products, or contracts that results…arrow_forward
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