Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321775658
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 15.5, Problem 3CC
WHAT IF? Ø Mitochondrial genes are critical to the energy
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1A.
Name and draw diagrammatically the series of mitochondrial electron transfer catalysts, starting with the oxidation of NADH and succinate and
ending with the reduction of O₂.
B. Indicate the sites and stoichiometry (per 2e) at which protons are translocated from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
C. Indicate which complexes are inhibited by: amytal, antimycin A, azide (N3), cyanide (CN), carbon monoxide (CO), and rotenone.
During the FADH2 electron transport chain,
the protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space through complexes CoQ/III, and IV
the protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space through complexes I, CoQ/III, and IV
the protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space through complexes I, CoQ/II, and IV
the protons are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the outer mitochondrial membrane through complexes I, III, and IV
1. Name and draw diagrammatically the series of mitochondrial electron transfer catalysts, starting with the oxidation of NADH and succinate and
ending with the reduction of O2.
2. Indicate the sites and stoichiometry (per 2e) at which protons are translocated from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
3. Indicate which complexes are inhibited by: amytal, antimycin A, azide (N3 ), cyanide (CN), carbon monoxide (CO), and rotenone.
4. Describe the effects of (1) oligomycin and (2) uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, e.g., dinitrophenol (DNP), carbonyl cyanide-p-
trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), on respiration and ATP synthesis when added to a suspension of mitochondria with excess malate, ADP,
and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
Chapter 15 Solutions
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Ch. 15.1 - Which one of Mendel's laws describes the...Ch. 15.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the description of...Ch. 15.1 - WHAT IF? Propose a possible reason that the first...Ch. 15.2 - A white-eyed female Drosophila is mated with a...Ch. 15.2 - Neither Tim nor Rhoda has Duchenne muscular...Ch. 15.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Consider what you learned about...Ch. 15.3 - When two genes are located on the same chromosome,...Ch. 15.3 - VISUAL SKILLS For each type of offspring of the...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 15.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 15.5 - Gene dosagethe number of copies of a gene that are...Ch. 15.5 - Reciprocal crosses between two primrose varieties,...Ch. 15.5 - WHAT IF? Mitochondrial genes are critical to the...Ch. 15 - What characteristic of the sex chromosomes allowed...Ch. 15 - Why are males affected by X-Iinked disorders much...Ch. 15 - Why are specific alleles of two distant genes more...Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.4CRCh. 15 - Explain how genomic imprinting and inheritance of...Ch. 15 - A man with hemophilia (a recessive, sex-linked...Ch. 15 - Pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy is an...Ch. 15 - A wild-type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body...Ch. 15 - A planet is inhabited by creatures that reproduce...Ch. 15 - Using the information from problem 4, scientists...Ch. 15 - A wild-type fruit fly (heterozygous for gray body...Ch. 15 - Assume that genes, A and B are on the same...Ch. 15 - Two genes of a flower, one Controlling blue (B)...Ch. 15 - You design Drosophila crosses to provide...Ch. 15 - Banana plants, which are triploid, are seedless...Ch. 15 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Crossing over is thought to...Ch. 15 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT Assume you are mapping...Ch. 15 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INFORMATION The continuity of...Ch. 15 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Butter flies have an X-Y...
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- 25. The following graph illustrates the consumption of oxygen in a mitochondrial preparation. Draw, on the graph, what would happen to oxygen concentration in the mitochondria under each of the following conditions (in other words, your final graph should have 4 different lines on it, clearly labeled a, b, c, and d) A .3 dte: 0cT ON 01E.0 .2t .1 1 2 3 Time, min (a) NADH (but nothing else) is added at the time marked A (b) NADH plus ADP is added at the time marked A. (c) NADH plus ADP plus a drug that prevents ATP synthase from binding to ADP at the time marked A. (d) NADH plus ADP plus a drug that prevents ATP synthase from binding ADP at the time marked A, followed by a drug that makes the inner membrane space more basic 1 minute later. [02], mMarrow_forward1a. Name and draw diagrammatically the series of mitochondrial electron transfer catalysts, starting with the oxidation of NADH and succinate and ending with the reduction of O2. Indicate the sites and stoichiometry (per 2e) at which protons are translocated from the matrix to the intermembrane space. c. Indicate which complexes are inhibited by: amytal, antimycin A, azide (N3), cyanide (CN), carbon monoxide (CO), and rotenone. d. Describe the effects of (1) oligomycin and (2) uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation, e.g., dinitrophenol (DNP), carbonyl cyanide-p- trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (FCCP), on respiration and ATP synthesis when added to a suspension of mitochondria with excess malate, ADP, and inorganic phosphate (Pi). b. Iarrow_forwardMitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) includes: Question 10 options: a) mitochondrial outer membranes are disrupted. b) caspases activation in either intrinsic or extrinsic pathway. c) cytochrome c release. d) All of the above. e) Only (a) and (c)arrow_forward
- WHAT IF? Mitochondrial genes are critical to the energymetabolism of cells, but mitochondrial disorders caused bymutations in these genes are generally not lethal. Why not?arrow_forward1. a) Describe the Q cycle in detail providing the names of electron acceptors and donors. b) How is ATP synthesized by the FOF1 Complex in the mitochondrial membrane?arrow_forwarda) Make a theoretical calculation of how many ATP molecules can be formed from the breakdown of a molecule of Acetyl- CoA into carbon dioxide and water. The prerequisite is that the entire proton gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane can be used for ATP production and that the ATP synthase has 6 c-subunits.arrow_forward
- Explain the functions of mitochondrial matrix processing peptidase (MP) and chloroplast stromal processing peptidase (SPP).arrow_forwardGive answer of all three subparts with explanation!arrow_forwardMitochondria are critical for normal metabolism. From which parent did each human being’s original mitochondria come from at conception? In Luft’s syndrome the mitochondria are not producing sufficient amounts of ATP. What series of reactions could be most responsible for the deficiency? What are some other conditions that are thought to involve mitochondrial malfunction? What's your opinion on the 3-parent babies technique approved in the UK?arrow_forward
- Rationalize why 4 (and not 5 or 10) protons are transferred from inside to outside of the mitochondrial inner membrane by the Complex I? (Hint: use redox potential of NADH and Ubiquinone, mitochondrial membrane pH =0.75 units, and the potential difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane = 0.15V) For the purpose of energy utilization, what are the advantages of generating energy from lipids as compared to that of carbohydrates? Justify by chemical reason.arrow_forwardIn oxidative phosphorylation (mark all that are true)... Choice 1 of 7:Succinate contributes 2e- to Complex II and 2H+ to the mitochondrial proton gradient. Choice 2 of 7:NADH in the matrix passes 2 e- to coenzyme Q via Complex I. Choice 3 of 7:Complexes I, II, III, and IV each contribute to the matrix proton gradient. Choice 4 of 7:O2 stabilizes the catalytically active conformation of Complex V. Choice 5 of 7:Reversible protonation of c subunits leads to rotation of the Complex V gamma subunit. Choice 6 of 7:Each β subunit can bind ATP tightly under the right conditions. Choice 7 of 7:For every 3 protons that pass across the inner mitochondrial membrane, 1 ATP is produced. Below are screenshots of the answer from two different sources (for your consideration)arrow_forward. Aerobic respiration, used by the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells, is best represented by which of the following balanced equations? 6CO2 + 12H2S g C6H12O6 + 6S2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O g 6CO2 + 12H2O C12H22O11 + H2O g C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 12H2O g C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 g C12H22O11 + H2Oarrow_forward
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