The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted. Concept Introduction : Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic. Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic. Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 15.4, Problem 1PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

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Can you please help mne with this problem. Im a visual person, so can you redraw it, potentislly color code and then as well explain it. I know im given CO2 use that to explain to me, as well as maybe give me a second example just to clarify even more with drawings (visuals) and explanations.

Part 1. Aqueous 0.010M AgNO 3 is slowly added to a 50-ml solution containing both carbonate [co32-] = 0.105 M and sulfate [soy] = 0.164 M anions. Given the ksp of Ag2CO3 and Ag₂ soy below. Answer the ff: Ag₂ CO3 = 2 Ag+ caq) + co} (aq) ksp = 8.10 × 10-12 Ag₂SO4 = 2Ag+(aq) + soy² (aq) ksp = 1.20 × 10-5 a) which salt will precipitate first? (b) What % of the first anion precipitated will remain in the solution. by the time the second anion starts to precipitate? (c) What is the effect of low pH (more acidic) condition on the separate of the carbonate and sulfate anions via silver precipitation? What is the effect of high pH (more basic)? Provide appropriate explanation per answer

Part 4. Butanoic acid (ka= 1.52× 10-5) has a partition coefficient of 3.0 (favors benzene) when distributed bet. water and benzene. What is the formal concentration of butanoic acid in each phase when 0.10M aqueous butanoic acid is extracted w❘ 25 mL of benzene 100 mL of a) at pit 5.00 b) at pH 9.00

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 15.4, Problem 1PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 15.4, Problem 1PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 15.4, Problem 1PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

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Answer 5

Chapter 15.4, Problem 1PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 6

Chapter 15.4, Problem 1PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 7

Chapter 15.4, Problem 1PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 14

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 15

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The given red protons are whether homotopic, Enantiotopic or Diastereotopic to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

Homotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by rotational symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as homotopic.

Enantiotopic: If the protons are interchangeable by reflectional symmetry, then the protons are chemically equivalent and termed as Enantiotopic.

Diastereotopic: If the protons are not interchangeable by either of the symmetry operations, then the protons are Diastereotopic; the protons are not chemically equivalent if a chiral center present in the molecule.

Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Answer 18

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Answer 19

Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2PTS Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 3PTS Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 4ATS Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 2LTS Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 3LTS Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 4LTS Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 11PTS Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 12PTS

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