Human Anatomy & Physiology, Modified Mastering A&P with eText and Value Pack Access Card and Practicing A&P Workbook for Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780134206189
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 1.5, Problem 2QC
What is a homeostatic imbalance?
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 1 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology, Modified Mastering A&P with eText and Value Pack Access Card and Practicing A&P Workbook for Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 1.1 - What are learning styles? Which learning style(S)...Ch. 1.1 - 2. How should you approach reading a textbook,...Ch. 1.1 - What are some study strategies to improve your...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 4QCCh. 1.1 - 5. What are some strategies for taking good notes...Ch. 1.1 - 6. How can you use the features found in each...Ch. 1.1 - 7. How should you approach the study of figures...Ch. 1.1 - Design a study schedule for yourself up to the...Ch. 1.1 - 2. Determine several study strategies that will...Ch. 1.2 - List the properties common to all living...
Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 2QCCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3QCCh. 1.2 - 4. How do gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy...Ch. 1.2 - How are physiological specializations classified?Ch. 1.2 - The condition hypothyroidism is characterized by a...Ch. 1.2 - 2. At first glance, a human and a rose plant seem...Ch. 1.3 - Define anatomical position.
Ch. 1.3 - Fill in the blanks: The nose is to the mouth....Ch. 1.3 - Fill in the blanks: a. The wrist is also known as...Ch. 1.3 - Explain how the three main planes of section...Ch. 1.3 - Locate a mole, scar, tattoo, or other mark on your...Ch. 1.3 - You need to examine the internal anatomy of both...Ch. 1.4 - What are the two subcavities of the dorsal body...Ch. 1.4 - 2. List the subdivisions of the thoracic and...Ch. 1.4 - 3. What are serous membranes, and what are their...Ch. 1.4 - Explain how serous membranes form certain ventral...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 1AWYLCh. 1.4 - Prob. 2AWYLCh. 1.4 - Inflammation of serous membranes may cause the...Ch. 1.5 - 1. What is homeostasis, and why is it important?
Ch. 1.5 - 2. What is a homeostatic imbalance?
Ch. 1.5 - How do negative feedback loops maintain...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 4QCCh. 1.5 - Prob. 5QCCh. 1.5 - 6. Define gradient, and give examples of different...Ch. 1.5 - 7. Why is cell-cell communication important?
Ch. 1.5 - 8. What are the two major methods by which cells...Ch. 1.5 - The cells of cancerous tumors undergo changes that...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 2AWYLCh. 1.5 - 3. You plug in an electric air freshener and...Ch. 1 - Fill in the blanks: The study of the form of the...Ch. 1 - 2. Mark the following statements as true or false....Ch. 1 - Prob. 3CYRCh. 1 - 4. Which of the following resources does the book...Ch. 1 - Prob. 5CYRCh. 1 - 5. Which of the following correctly describes the...Ch. 1 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 1 - Match the following terms with the correct...Ch. 1 - 8. The upper and lower limbs are known broadly as...Ch. 1 - The arm is known as the ___________ region; the...Ch. 1 - A parasagittal section divides the body or body...Ch. 1 - 11. Fill in the blanks: The two divisions of the...Ch. 1 - 12. Fill in the blanks: The two main divisions of...Ch. 1 - 13. In which of the following cavities do serous...Ch. 1 - 14. Serous fluid functions in:
a. Providing...Ch. 1 - 15. Which organs would you expect to find in the...Ch. 1 - 16. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 1 - Prob. 18CYRCh. 1 - Examine the structure of the skull, and predict...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 1 - Prob. 1AYKCh. 1 - 2. During a procedure on Ms. Norman’s pancreas, a...Ch. 1 - Later that same day, the surgeon performs a...Ch. 1 - The baroreceptor reflex causes blood pressure to...
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- Select a diet and give a summary of the main components. Do a web search of the diet and choose one link that provides misinformation. Explain why the site itself and/or the information on the site is not credible. This should be a report. This site should be different from U.S News and World Report. For full credit, you must include the following information and elaborate in detail: The diet name The main components of the diet The misinformation website and link What misinformation is being provided in the other website and how did you determine it was not credible?arrow_forward1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine: (a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip MAKE SURE ANSWERS HAVE UNITS if appropriate. SHOW ALL WORK, including equation used, variables used and each step to your solution.arrow_forward2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0 Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…arrow_forward
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