
Concept explainers
Suppose f is a continuous function defined on a rectangle R = [a, b] × [c, d].
(a) Write an expression for a double Riemann sum of f. If f(x, y) ≥ 0, what does the sum represent?
(b) Write the definition of
(c) What is the geometric interpretation of
(d) How do you evaluate
(e) What does the Midpoint Rule for double
(f) Write an expression for the average value of f.
(a)

To write: An expression for a double Riemann sum of the given function.
Explanation of Solution
Given:
The continuous function
The double integral of f over the rectangle R is,
Here,
The given continuous function is
The sample points of each rectangle is denoted by
The image value of the sample points under the function
The Riemann sum constants are denoted by m, n.
The sum mentioned above
(b)

To write: The definition of
Explanation of Solution
The double integral can be expressed in terms of double Riemann sum as follows:
The double integral of f over the rectangle R is,
Here,
The given continuous function is
The sample points of each rectangle is denoted by
The image value of the sample points under the function
The Riemann sum constants are denoted by m, n.
(c)

To write: The geometric interpretation of
Explanation of Solution
When
If suppose the given function f takes both positive and negative values, then it does not denote the volume exactly. But, it is taken that the volume of the function of the two graphs one above the xy-plane and one below the xy-plane.
(d)

To evaluate: The value of the double integral
Explanation of Solution
Rewrite the indefinite double integral by definite double integral from the equations or inequalities in the given rectangle. Then, as per the rules of integration, integrate it to get the value of the given double integral. That is,
(e)

To interpret: About the Midpoint Rule for double integrals.
Explanation of Solution
The double integral,
Here,
The given function is
The mid points of each rectangle is denoted by
The Riemann sum constants are denoted by m, n.
Separate the given region by small rectangles by the method of Riemann sum for the double integrals. Then, pick the sample points from the Midpoint of each rectangle.
(f)

To write: The expression for the average value of f.
Explanation of Solution
The area of the given rectangle R is denoted by
Then,
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