Keynesian transmission mechanism and monetary transmission mechanism.
Explanation of Solution
The Keynesian transmission mechanism states that an increase in money supply affects the aggregate demand through the changes in the rate of interest or exchange rates. This would mean that there is an indirect link between the
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Chapter 15 Solutions
Macroeconomics
- Our earlier model focused on the most basic trade-off introduced by the policy. One aspect of the policy that is also heavily debated is the fact that not every household can afford to upgrade their car in order to avoid paying the ULEZ fees. We now want to understand how best to design the scrappage scheme, which subsidises changing cars for those who need it the most. In particular, we want to know whether the scrappage scheme can create a moral hazard problem. To guide our analysis, consider the following simple model. The government would like to introduce a subsidy to help citizens who need their car for work and cannot afford to buy a ULEZ-compliant car. It also wants to ensure that only citizens who need to drive their car regularly use the subsidy. Instead of the two groups of citizens discussed above, we focus on one particular citizen who does not drive very often, only once a year. As a result, this citizen does not emit excessive pollution even with a car that is not…arrow_forwardOur earlier model focused on the most basic trade-off introduced by the policy. One aspect of the policy that is also heavily debated is the fact that not every household can afford to upgrade their car in order to avoid paying the ULEZ fees. We now want to understand how best to design the scrappage scheme, which subsidises changing cars for those who need it the most. In particular, we want to know whether the scrappage scheme can create a moral hazard problem. To guide our analysis, consider the following simple model. The government would like to introduce a subsidy to help citizens who need their car for work and cannot afford to buy a ULEZ-compliant car. It also wants to ensure that only citizens who need to drive their car regularly use the subsidy. Instead of the two groups of citizens discussed above, we focus on one particular citizen who does not drive very often, only once a year. As a result, this citizen does not emit excessive pollution even with a car that is not…arrow_forwardThere are four key relationships upon which the Standard Model is based. Please list each of the four relationships and give one example for eacharrow_forward
- True or false? According to the Grossman model, if a new drug were discovered that eliminated the steady deterioration of health that accompanies aging – but does not eliminate sudden events like heart attacks or being hit by a bus – then the demand for jelly donuts, french fries, and physical activity in the presence of buses would decline. Justify your answer.arrow_forwardParagraph Styles Trigleater is a hungry individual in the Grossman model deciding what to have for dinner is looking at variable options. Trigleater has a special condition called "Eaterblood" where whatever she eats will affect her health almost immediately. The following table reflects the options she is considering and the effect on health Meal Home Good Z Health H Steak and eggs +9 -4 Kale salad and broccoli -5 +18 Double cheeseburger deluxe with coke If Trigleater's single period utility function is given by U-5Z+2H and she can only select one item from the table above. 12 -18 Allpositive is a new promising pharmaceutical company came with a new supplement "Bestofboth" that will halve the negative health effect and at the same time double the positive health effects. What would be the optimal selection if she takes Bestofboth supplement and what would be the maximum utility Kale salad with broccoli max utility = 47 Double Cheeseburger deluxe with coke max utility = 102 Steak and…arrow_forwardThe following is an excerpt describing the Oregon Medicaid lottery: In 2008, Oregon implemented a limited expansion of its Medicaid program for low-income adults through a lottery, selecting names from a waiting list to fill a limited number of available spots. Those selected had the opportunity to apply for Medicaid and to enroll if they met eligibility requirements. Based on the description, you might describe the Oregon Medicaid lottery as a: randomized experiment "As if random" natural experiment a true natural experimentarrow_forward
- The Akerlof model can be used to model the health insurance market. In this market, which party is analogous to car buyers? Which party is analogous to car sellers?What would it mean for the health insurance market to unravel?arrow_forwardIsabella understands that if she were to play golf, she would be able to spend time outdoors (where she likes to be) with people she enjoys. However, because she has taken golf lessons 10+ times and still cannot hit the golf ball, she does not believe that she can actually play golf. Based on what you know about Expectancy Theory, will she join her friends to play golf this summer? Group of answer choices Yes. Instrumentality and Valence are high. No. Valence is too high. No. Expectancy is low. Yes. Instrumentality is high.arrow_forwardWho detected the endowment effect first? Tell us about the design of the experiment and its main conclusions.arrow_forward
- Define the Fisher effect. To what extent do empirical tests confirm that the Fisher effect exists in practice?arrow_forwardIndicate whether the statement is true or false, and justify your answer.According to the Grossman model, people choose an optimal time to die (barring any unforeseen accidents).arrow_forwardA recent trend in health insurance is the Health Savings Account (HSA). The idea behind Health Savings Accounts is that rather than providing employees with health insurance that makes visiting doctors cost little more than a simple $10 or $20 copay the employer gives the employee money to use to spend on health care, but the employee bares the entire cost of seeing the doctor. What money given for health care not spent by the employee can be withdrawn by the employee as if it was additional income. It is believed that Health Savings Accounts will reduce the total amount of money spent on seeing doctors. Using Supply and Demand analysis, explain why there is the expectation that HSA’s will reduce spending on doctors.arrow_forward
- Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781337617383Author:Roger A. ArnoldPublisher:Cengage Learning