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(a)
Interpretation:
The effect on the equilibrium when the temperature is increased has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Le Chatelier’s principle: If an equilibrium is disturbed by changing conditions, the system will move the equilibrium to reverse the change.
Factor’s that effect chemical equilibria:
Concentration – Equilibrium will be affected by changing the concentration of reactant or product. If we increase the concentration of reactant system will try to reverse the change by favoring forward reaction and thus increase the concentration of products. Likewise adding products increase yield of reactants.
Temperature – When the temperature increases equilibrium will shift in the endothermic direction, in the direction that absorbs heat. When the temperature decreases equilibrium will shift in the exothermic direction, in the direction that releases heat.
Pressure – If the reaction consists of only liquid and solid reactants and products, pressure has no effect in the equilibrium.
In gas reactions if the number of moles has no change then there will be no effect by pressure on equilibrium.
If pressure increases then equilibrium will shift to the direction having less number of molecules and if pressure decreases system will shift to the direction having more number of molecules.
(b)
Interpretation:
The effect on the equilibrium when more chlorine is added has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Le Chatelier’s principle: If an equilibrium is disturbed by changing conditions, the system will move the equilibrium to reverse the change.
Factor’s that effect chemical equilibria:
Concentration – Equilibrium will be affected by changing the concentration of reactant or product. If we increase the concentration of reactant system will try to reverse the change by favoring forward reaction and thus increase the concentration of products. Likewise adding products increase yield of reactants.
Temperature – When the temperature increases equilibrium will shift in the endothermic direction, in the direction that absorbs heat. When the temperature decreases equilibrium will shift in the exothermic direction, in the direction that releases heat.
Pressure – If the reaction consists of only liquid and solid reactants and products, pressure has no effect in the equilibrium.
In gas reactions if the number of moles has no change then there will be no effect by pressure on equilibrium.
If pressure increases then equilibrium will shift to the direction having less number of molecules and if pressure decreases system will shift to the direction having more number of molecules.
(c)
Interpretation:
The effect on the equilibrium when some
Concept Introduction:
Le Chatelier’s principle: If an equilibrium is disturbed by changing conditions, the system will move the equilibrium to reverse the change.
Factor’s that effect chemical equilibria:
Concentration – Equilibrium will be affected by changing the concentration of reactant or product. If we increase the concentration of reactant system will try to reverse the change by favoring forward reaction and thus increase the concentration of products. Likewise adding products increase yield of reactants.
Temperature – When the temperature increases equilibrium will shift in the endothermic direction, in the direction that absorbs heat. When the temperature decreases equilibrium will shift in the exothermic direction, in the direction that releases heat.
Pressure – If the reaction consists of only liquid and solid reactants and products, pressure has no effect in the equilibrium.
In gas reactions if the number of moles has no change then there will be no effect by pressure on equilibrium.
If pressure increases then equilibrium will shift to the direction having less number of molecules and if pressure decreases system will shift to the direction having more number of molecules.
(d)
Interpretation:
The effect on the equilibrium when the pressure on the gases is increased has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Le Chatelier’s principle: If an equilibrium is disturbed by changing conditions, the system will move the equilibrium to reverse the change.
Factor’s that effect chemical equilibria:
Concentration – Equilibrium will be affected by changing the concentration of reactant or product. If we increase the concentration of reactant system will try to reverse the change by favoring forward reaction and thus increase the concentration of products. Likewise adding products increase yield of reactants.
Temperature – When the temperature increases equilibrium will shift in the endothermic direction, in the direction that absorbs heat. When the temperature decreases equilibrium will shift in the exothermic direction, in the direction that releases heat.
Pressure – If the reaction consists of only liquid and solid reactants and products, pressure has no effect in the equilibrium.
In gas reactions if the number of moles has no change then there will be no effect by pressure on equilibrium.
If pressure increases then equilibrium will shift to the direction having less number of molecules and if pressure decreases system will shift to the direction having more number of molecules.
(e)
Interpretation:
The effect on the equilibrium when catalyst is added to the reaction mixture has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Catalyst: The catalyst is a chemical substance that increases the
In a
In a chemical reaction, the species that present in right side is denoted as product that results from the reactant
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Chapter 15 Solutions
General Chemistry
- Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: What is the product of the reaction? What is the name of the intermediate complex? *See imagearrow_forwardPredict the final product. If 2 products are made, list which should be “major” and “minor” *see attachedarrow_forwardNucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: What is the product of the reaction? *see imagearrow_forward
- Show the correct sequence to connect the reagent to product. * see imagearrow_forwardThe answer here says that F and K have a singlet and a doublet. The singlet and doublet are referring to the H's 1 carbon away from the carbon attached to the OH. Why don't the H's two carbons away, the ones on the cyclohexane ring, cause more peaks on the signal?arrow_forwardDraw the Birch Reduction for this aromatic compound and include electron withdrawing groups and electron donating groups. *See attachedarrow_forward
- Show the correct sequence to connect the reagent to product. * see imagearrow_forwardBlocking Group are use to put 2 large sterically repulsive group ortho. Show the correct sequence toconnect the reagent to product with the highest yield possible. * see imagearrow_forwardElimination-Addition: What molecule was determined to be an intermediate based on a “trapping experiment”? *please solve and see imagearrow_forward
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