ELEMENTARY SURVEYING LL W/MASTERING ENGR
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134777481
Author: GHILANI
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 15, Problem 15.1P
To determine
Types of kinematic surveys.
Expert Solution & Answer
Answer to Problem 15.1P
Types of kinematic
1. Real time kinematic survey
2. Post process kinematic survey
Explanation of Solution
Surveying plays is an important role in all engineering projects. By measuring the horizontal and vertical direction and angle, it is an art and science to find the relative position of various valuable points or stations on the earth's surface. We prepare plans, maps, or layout by these points.
The most effective and fastest survey technique is Kinematic surveying. The relative positioning technique is used for the observation of the carrier phase shift. The cinematic survey can provide the coordinate of the points with the fastest values while the receiver is motionless or in motion.
The two types of kinematic survey are:
1. Real time kinematic survey
The Real time kinematic survey (RTK) is also referred to as the relative positioning technique that measures the position in real time using two global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). One is placed at a static point with established coordinates and is known as the base station. It carries a large frequency radio to the second unit (known as the rover) with its raw observation and the rover carries both observations to determine a position relative to the base location in real time.
RTK surveying requires positive communication between base and rover units and works best with short baselines as the accuracy of measurements or analysis of RTK decreases as the length of the baseline increases.
2. Post process kinematic survey
A post process kinematic survey requires a base receiver that collects data at the same time rate as the rover. In the Kinematic survey of post processes, the identified coordinates should be stored in the survey controller and the observations of the raw global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are saved in the recipient until the fieldwork is completed. The data are then processed by the same software and processing techniques used in static surveys in the office.
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Students have asked these similar questions
1:08
Il LTE
Individual Assignment CEQ 31...
CIVIL ENGINEERING ROANTICLO
(Earthworks Quantities)
(Due Date: Friday, 28/03/2025)
Done
Thumbi Irrigation Scheme in Mzimba district is under threat of flooding. In order to
mitigate against the problem, authorities have decided to construct a flood protection
bund (Dyke). Figure 1 is a cross section of a 300m long proposed dyke; together with its
foundation (key). Survey data for the proposed site of the dyke are presented in Table 1.
Table 2 provides swelling and shrinkage factors for the fill material that has been
proposed. The dyke dimensions that are given are for a compacted fill.
(1) Assume you are in the design office, use both the Simpson Rule and Trapezoidal
Rule to compute the total volume of earthworks required. (Assume both the dyke
and the key will use the same material).
(2) If you are a Contractor, how many days will it take to finish hauling the computed
earthworks using 3 tippers of 12m³ each? Make appropriate assumptions.…
Thumbi Irrigation Scheme in Mzimba district is under threat of flooding. In order to
mitigate against the problem, authorities have decided to construct a flood protection
bund (Dyke). Figure 1 is a cross section of a 300m long proposed dyke; together with its
foundation (key). Survey data for the proposed site of the dyke are presented in Table 1.
Table 2 provides swelling and shrinkage factors for the fill material that has been
proposed. The dyke dimensions that are given are for a compacted fill.
(1) Assume you are in the design office, use both the Simpson Rule and Trapezoidal
Rule to compute the total volume of earthworks required. (Assume both the dyke
and the key will use the same material).
(2) If you are a Contractor, how many days will it take to finish hauling the computed
earthworks using 3 tippers of 12m³ each? Make appropriate assumptions.
DIKE CROSS SECTION
OGL
KEY (FOUNDATION)
2m
1m
2m
8m
Figure 1: Cross section of Dyke and its foundation
1.5m from highest OGL
0.5m…
this is from CE-192
Chapter 15 Solutions
ELEMENTARY SURVEYING LL W/MASTERING ENGR
Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.1PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.2PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.3PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.4PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.5PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.6PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.7PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.8PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.9PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.10P
Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.11PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.12PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.13PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.14PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.15PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.16PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.17PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.18PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.19PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.20PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.21PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.22PCh. 15 - What errors are modeled in a VRS?Ch. 15 - Prob. 15.24PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.25PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.26PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.27PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.28PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.29PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.30PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.31PCh. 15 - Prob. 15.32P
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