
(a)
Interpretation:
The apparent porosity needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The apparent porosity is the percentage of the total volume of the ceramic that is occupied by interconnected pores. Interconnected pores are those that provide channels through which gases and fluids can flow. It is also known as the measure of the permeability, or the ease with which gases and fluids seep throughthe ceramic components.
(b)
Interpretation:
The true porosity needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
In the polycrystalline ceramics, pores are most important defects. The pores results in the decrease in the
(c)
Interpretation:
The value of closed porosity needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
The fraction of volume occupied by the fluid in the poers network is known as open porosity. The non- interconnected noids in the solid phase that are not included in the open porosity are known as closed porosity. The thermalized pores can collide with the pore walls and results in the shortening of the lifetime.

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Chapter 15 Solutions
Essentials Of Materials Science And Engineering
- For the design of a shallow foundation, given the following: Soil: ' = 20° c=57 kN/m² Unit weight, y=18 kN/m³ Modulus of elasticity, E, = 1400 kN/m² Poisson's ratio, μs = 0.35 Foundation: L=2m B=1m D₁ =1m Calculate the ultimate bearing capacity. Use the equation: 1 qu= c'Ne Fes Fed Fec +qNqFqs FqdFqc + - BNF √s F√d F 2 For d'=20°, N = 14.83, N = 6.4, and N., = 5.39. (Enter your answer to three significant figures.) qu kN/m²arrow_forward1.0 m (Eccentricity in one direction only) = 0.15 m Qall = 0 1.5 m x 1.5 m Centerline An eccentrically loaded foundation is shown in the figure above. Use FS of 4 and determine the maximum allowable load that the foundation can carry if y = 16 kN/m³ and ' = 35°. Use Meyerhof's effective area method. For o' = 35°, N₁ = 33.30 and Ny = 48.03. (Enter your answer to three significant figures.) Qall kNarrow_forwardFigure 2 3) *** The circuit of Figure 3 is designed with W/L = 20/0.18, λ= 0, and ID = 0.25 mA. (Optional- 20 points) a) Compute the required gate bias voltage. b) With such a gate voltage, how much can W/L be increased while M1 remains in saturation? What is the maximum voltage gain that can be achieved as W/L increases? VDD = 1.8 V RD 2k - Vout Vin M₁ Figure 3arrow_forward
- 1) Rs = 4kQ, R₁ = 850 kQ, R₂ = 350 kQ, and R₁ = 4 kQ. The transistor parameters are VTP = -12 V, K'p = 40 µA / V², W/L = 80, and λ = 0.05 V-1. (50 Points) a) Determine IDQ and VSDQ. b) Find the small signal voltage gain. (Av) c) Determine the small signal circuit transconductance gain. (Ag = io/vi) d) Find the small signal output resistance. VDD = 10 V 2'; www www Figure 1 Ссarrow_forward4- In the system shown in the figure, the water velocity in the 12 in. diameter pipe is 8 ft/s. Determine the gage reading at position 1. Elevation 170 ft 1 Elevation 200 ft | 8 ft, 6-in.-diameter, 150 ft, 12-in.-diameter, f = 0.020 f = 0.020 A B Hints: the minor losses should consider the contraction loss at A and the expansion loss at B.arrow_forwardWhat is the moment of Inertia of this body? What is Ixx, Iyy, and Izzarrow_forward
- Q11arrow_forwardMethyl alcohol at 25°C (ρ = 789 kg/m³, μ = 5.6 × 10-4 kg/m∙s) flows through the system below at a rate of 0.015 m³/s. Fluid enters the suction line from reservoir 1 (left) through a sharp-edged inlet. The suction line is 10 cm commercial steel pipe, 15 m long. Flow passes through a pump with efficiency of 76%. Flow is discharged from the pump into a 5 cm line, through a fully open globe valve and a standard smooth threaded 90° elbow before reaching a long, straight discharge line. The discharge line is 5 cm commercial steel pipe, 200 m long. Flow then passes a second standard smooth threaded 90° elbow before discharging through a sharp-edged exit to reservoir 2 (right). Pipe lengths between the pump and valve, and connecting the second elbow to the exit are negligibly short compared to the suction and discharge lines. Volumes of reservoirs 1 and 2 are large compared to volumes extracted or supplied by the suction and discharge lines. Calculate the power that must be supplied to the…arrow_forwardQ15arrow_forward
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