Chapter 15, Problem 15.119QP

Arrange each of the following in order of increasing acidity. You may need to use a couple of rules to decide the order for a given series. Explain the reasoning you use in each case.

1. a HBrO₂, HBrO₃, HBrO
2. b H₂TeO₃, H₂SO₃, H₂SeO₃
3. c HI, SbH₃, H₂Te
4. d H₂S, HBr, H₂Se
5. e HClO₂, HClO₃, HBrO₂

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each of the given set of acids, in the order of increasing acidity has to be arranged.

Concept introduction:

Acid:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which donates a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be an acid.

Base:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which accepts a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be base.

Strong acid:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydronium ion and anion is said to be strong acid.

Strong base:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydroxide ion and cation is said to be strong base.

Answer to Problem 15.119QP

The order of increasing acidity is ${\text{HBrO < HBrO}}_{\text{2 }}{\text{< HBrO}}_{\text{3}}$

Explanation of Solution

For the given species the order of increasing acidity is ${\text{HBrO < HBrO}}_{\text{2 }}{\text{< HBrO}}_{\text{3}}$ why because the strength of the acid increases with increase in number of oxygen atoms bonding to the central atom in oxoacids having the same central atom.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each of the given set of acids, in the order of increasing acidity has to be arranged.

Concept introduction:

Acid:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which donates a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be an acid.

Base:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which accepts a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be base.

Strong acid:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydronium ion and anion is said to be strong acid.

Strong base:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydroxide ion and cation is said to be strong base.

Answer to Problem 15.119QP

The order of increasing acidity is ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{TeO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{ < H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SeO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{ < H2SO}}_{\text{3}}$

Explanation of Solution

For the given species the order of increasing acidity is ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{TeO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{ < H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SeO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{ < H2SO}}_{\text{3}}$ why because strength of the acid increases with increase in elelctronegativity of the central atom in oxoacids having different central atom with same structure.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each of the given set of acids, in the order of increasing acidity has to be arranged.

Concept introduction:

Acid:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which donates a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be an acid.

Base:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which accepts a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be base.

Strong acid:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydronium ion and anion is said to be strong acid.

Strong base:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydroxide ion and cation is said to be strong base.

Answer to Problem 15.119QP

The order of increasing acidity is ${\text{SbH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{ < H}}_{\text{2}}\text{Te < HI}$

Explanation of Solution

For the given species the order of increasing acidity is ${\text{SbH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{ < H}}_{\text{2}}\text{Te < HI}$ why because strength of the acid increases with increase in elelctronegativity of the acids having formula $\text{HX}\text{.}$

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each of the given set of acids, in the order of increasing acidity has to be arranged.

Concept introduction:

Acid:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which donates a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be an acid.

Base:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which accepts a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be base.

Strong acid:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydronium ion and anion is said to be strong acid.

Strong base:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydroxide ion and cation is said to be strong base.

Answer to Problem 15.119QP

The order of increasing acidity is ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S < H}}_{\text{2}}\text{Se < HBr}$

Explanation of Solution

For the given species the order of increasing acidity is ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{S < H}}_{\text{2}}\text{Se < HBr}$ why because strength of the acid increases with increase in elelctronegativity of the acids having formula $\text{HX}\text{.}$  Also, if bond polarity increases the acid strength also incrases.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Each of the given set of acids, in the order of increasing acidity has to be arranged.

Concept introduction:

Acid:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which donates a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be an acid.

Base:

According to Bronsted-Lowry theory, a species which accepts a proton in a proton transfer-reaction is said to be base.

Strong acid:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydronium ion and anion is said to be strong acid.

Strong base:

According to Arrhenius theory, a compound or a substance which completely ionized in a aqueous solution to give a hydroxide ion and cation is said to be strong base.

Answer to Problem 15.119QP

The order of increasing acidity is ${\text{HBrO}}_{\text{2 }}{\text{< HClO}}_{\text{2}}{\text{ < HClO}}_{\text{3}}$

Explanation of Solution

For the given species the order of increasing acidity is ${\text{HBrO}}_{\text{2 }}{\text{< HClO}}_{\text{2}}{\text{ < HClO}}_{\text{3}}$ why because strength of the acid increases with increase in elelctronegativity of the central atom in oxoacids having different central atom with same structure.