Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation : The concentration of
Concept Introduction : The pH of buffer solutions can be calculated with the help ofthe Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation can be used that gives the relation between pH and
(b)
Interpretation : The pH at the equivalence point should be calculated if
Concept Introduction: The pH of buffer solutions can be calculated with the help of the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation can be used that gives the relation between pH and
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Principles of Modern Chemistry
- What is the pH of a solution obtained by mixing 235 mL of NaOH with a pH of 11.57 and 316 mL of Sr(OH)2 with a pH of 12.09? Assume that volumes are additive.arrow_forwardTo measure the relative strengths of bases stronger than OH, it is necessary to choose a solvent that is a weaker acid than water. One such solvent is liquid ammonia. (a) Write a chemical equation for the autoionization of ammonia. (b) What is the strongest acid and base that can exist in liquid ammonia? (c) Will a solution of HCI in liquid ammonia be a strong electrical conductor, a weak conductor, or a nonconductor? (d) Oxide ion (O2) is a stronger base than the amide ion (NH2). Write an equation for the reaction of O2 with NH3 in liquid ammonia. Will the equilibrium favor products or reactants?arrow_forwardA solution of acetic acid, HC2H3O2, on a laboratory shelf was of undetermined concentration. If the pH of the solution was found to be 2.57, what was the concentration of the acetic acid? The Ka of acetic acid is 1.7 105.arrow_forward
- What is the freezing point of vinegar, which is an aqueous solution of 5.00% acetic acid, HC2H3O2, by mass (d=1.006g/cm3)?arrow_forwardWhich acid has the strongest conjugate base? (a) HNO2 (b) C6H5CO2H (c) HCN (d) HClarrow_forwardEthanol (ethyl alcohol), CH3CH2OH, can act as a BrnstedLowry acid. Write the chemical equation for the reaction of ethanol as an acid with hydroxide ion, OH. Ethanol can also react as a BrnstedLowry base. Write the chemical equation for the reaction of ethanol as a base with hydronium ion, H3O+. Explain how you arrived at these chemical equations. Both of these reactions can also be considered Lewis acid base reactions. Explain this.arrow_forward
- Nicotinic acid, C6H5NO2, is found in minute amounts in all living cells, hut appreciable amounts occur in liver, yeast, milk, adrenal glands, white meat, and corn. Whole wheat (lour contains about 60. 0g per gram of flour. One gram (1.00 g) of the acid dissolves in water to give 60. mL of solution having a pH of 2.70. What is the approximate value of Ka for the acid? Nicotinic acidarrow_forwardUsing the diagrams shown in Problem 10-37, which of the four acids is the weakest acid?arrow_forwardA solution of baking soda, NaHCO3, has a pH of 10.08. What is the percent (by mass) of NaHCO3 in a 235-mL solution? (Assume a density of 1.00 g/mL.)arrow_forward
- Write the chemical equation for the ionization of caffeine, a weak base. The chemical formula of caffeine is C8H10N4O2.arrow_forwardWrite the reaction and the corresponding Kb equilibrium expression for each of the following substances acting as bases in water. a. NH3 b. C5H5Narrow_forwardPure liquid ammonia ionizes in a manner similar to that of water. (a) Write the equilibrium for the autoionization of liquid ammonia. (b) Identify the conjugate acid form and the base form of the solvent. (c) Is NaNH2 an acid or a base in this solvent? (d) Is ammonium bromide an acid or a base in this solvent?arrow_forward
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