Concept explainers
a) 1 mol Br2 in CH2Cl2
Interpretation:
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene reacts with one mole of bromine in CH2Cl2 are to be given.
Concept introduction:
Conjugated dienes are treated with bromine in CH2Cl2 undergo both 1,2 and 1,4 addition of bromine to yield different products.
To give:
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene reacts with one mole of bromine in CH2Cl2.
Answer to Problem 27AP
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene reacts with one mole of bromine in CH2Cl2 are 3,6-dibromocyclohexene and 3,4-dibromocyclohexene.
Explanation of Solution
1,3-cyclohexadiene is a conjugated diene. When treated with one mole of bromine in CH2Cl2 it yields 3,6-dibromocyclohexene by 1,4 addition and 3,4-dibromocyclohexene by 1,2 addition reaction.
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene reacts with one mole of bromine in CH2Cl2 are 3,6-dibromocyclohexene and 3,4-dibromocyclohexene.
b) O3 followed by Zn
Interpretation:
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with ozone followed by zinc is to be given.
Concept introduction:
To give:
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with ozone followed by zinc is to be given.
Answer to Problem 27AP
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with ozone followed by zinc are glyoxal and succindialdehyde.
Explanation of Solution
Ozone adds to both the double bonds in 1,3-cyclohexadiene to form an ozonide. When treated with Zn and acetic acid the ozonide breaks to yield carbonyl compounds. The carbons that have oxygen in the products are joined through double bonds in the reactant.
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with ozone followed by zinc are glyoxal and succindialdehyde.
c) 1 mol HCl in ether
Interpretation:
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with one mole of HCl in ether is to be given.
Concept introduction:
Conjugated dienes when treated with one mole of HCl in ether undergo both 1,2 and 1,4 addition of HCl to yield different products. With unsubstituted cyclic conjugated 1,3-dienes a single product is produced in both types of addition.
To give:
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with one mole of HCl is to be given.
Answer to Problem 27AP
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with one mole of HCl is 3-chlorocyclohexene.
Explanation of Solution
Both 1,2 and 1,4 addition of HCl to 1,3-cyclohexadiene leads to the formation of the same product, 3-chlorocyclohexene, as it is an unsubstituted conjugated 1,3-diene.
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with one mole of HCl is 3-chlorocyclohexene.
d) 1 mol DCl in ether
Interpretation:
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with one mole of DCl are to be given.
Concept introduction:
Conjugated dienes when treated with one mole of DCl in ether undergo both 1,2 and 1,4 addition of DCl to yield different products.
To give:
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with one mole of DCl.
Answer to Problem 27AP
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with one mole of DCl are 3-chloro-4-deuteratedcyclohexene and 3-chloro-6-deuteratedcyclohexene.
Explanation of Solution
1,3-cyclohexadiene is a conjugated diene. When treated with one mole of DCl it yields 3-chloro-4-deuteratedcyclohexen by 1,2 addition 3-chloro-6-deuteratedcyclohexene by 1,4 addition reaction.
The products expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with one mole of DCl are 3-chloro-4-deuteratedcyclohexene and 3-chloro-6-deuteratedcyclohexene.
e) 3-Buten-2-one (H2C=CHCOCH3)
Interpretation:
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with 3-buten-2-one is to be given.
Concept introduction:
In Diels-Alder reaction, a dienophile reacts with a diene to yield a cyclic adduct. The reaction takes place through 1,4 addition of the dienophile into the diene through a cyclic transition state. During the reaction the diene and dienophile orient themselves on top of one another and so an endo product results.
To give:
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with 3-buten-2-one.
Answer to Problem 27AP
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with 3-buten-2-one is
Explanation of Solution
The diene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene and the dienophile 3-buten-2-one arrange themselves one on the top of the other and react through the formation of a cyclic six member transition state to yield the endo product.
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with 3-buten-2-one is
f) Excess OsO4, followed by NaHSO3
Interpretation:
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with excess OsO4 and then with NaHSO3 is to be given.
Concept introduction:
The reaction given involves hydroxylation of the double bonds in the diene. When a diene is treated with OsO4, a single step addition of OsO4 to each of the double bonds takes place to give a cyclic osmate. The cyclic osmate gets cleaved when treated with NaHSO3 yields a tetraol.
To give:
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with excess OsO4 and then with NaHSO3.
Answer to Problem 27AP
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with excess OsO4 and then with NaHSO3 is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4-tetraol.
Explanation of Solution
When 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with excess OsO4 the addition of OsO4 takes place to both the double bonds in it. The addition occurs with syn stereochemistry to yield a cyclic osmate. The cyclic osmate then gets cleaved when treated with NaHSO3 to yield the tetraol.
The product expected to be formed when 1,3-cyclohexadiene is treated with excess OsO4 and then with NaHSO3 is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4-tetraol.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 14 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-EBOOK>I<
- 3. Use Kapustinskii's equation and data from Table 4.10 in your textbook to calculate lattice energies of Cu(OH)2 and CuCO3 (4 points)arrow_forward2. Copper (II) oxide crystalizes in monoclinic unit cell (included below; blue spheres 2+ represent Cu²+, red - O²-). Use Kapustinski's equation (4.5) to calculate lattice energy for CuO. You will need some data from Resource section of your textbook (p.901). (4 points) CuOarrow_forwardWhat is the IUPAC name of the following compound? OH (2S, 4R)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O (2R, 4R)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O (2R, 4S)-4-chloropentan-2-ol O(2S, 4S)-4-chloropentan-2-olarrow_forward
- Use the reaction coordinate diagram to answer the below questions. Type your answers into the answer box for each question. (Watch your spelling) Energy A B C D Reaction coordinate E A) Is the reaction step going from D to F endothermic or exothermic? A F G B) Does point D represent a reactant, product, intermediate or transition state? A/ C) Which step (step 1 or step 2) is the rate determining step? Aarrow_forward1. Using radii from Resource section 1 (p.901) and Born-Lande equation, calculate the lattice energy for PbS, which crystallizes in the NaCl structure. Then, use the Born-Haber cycle to obtain the value of lattice energy for PbS. You will need the following data following data: AH Pb(g) = 196 kJ/mol; AHƒ PbS = −98 kJ/mol; electron affinities for S(g)→S¯(g) is -201 kJ/mol; S¯(g) (g) is 640kJ/mol. Ionization energies for Pb are listed in Resource section 2, p.903. Remember that enthalpies of formation are calculated beginning with the elements in their standard states (S8 for sulfur). The formation of S2, AHF: S2 (g) = 535 kJ/mol. Compare the two values, and explain the difference. (8 points)arrow_forwardIn the answer box, type the number of maximum stereoisomers possible for the following compound. A H H COH OH = H C Br H.C OH CHarrow_forward
- 7. Magnesium is found in nature in the form of carbonates and sulfates. One of the major natural sources of zinc is zinc blende (ZnS). Use relevant concepts of acid-base theory to explain this combination of cations and anions in these minerals. (2 points)arrow_forward6. AlF3 is insoluble in liquid HF but dissolves if NaF is present. When BF3 is added to the solution, AlF3 precipitates. Write out chemical processes and explain them using the principles of Lewis acid-base theory. (6 points)arrow_forward5. Zinc oxide is amphoteric. Write out chemical reactions for dissolution of ZnO in HCl(aq) and in NaOH(aq). (3 points)arrow_forward
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY