For conjugate acid–base pairs, how are K a and K b related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH 3 CO 2 H ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) ⇌ CH 3 CO 2 − ( a q ) + H 3 O + ( a q ) where K a = 1.8 × 10 −5 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH 3 CO 2 − ) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH 3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming K a for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 × 10 6 , calculate K b for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li + , K + , Rb + , Cs + , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , and Ba 2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH) 2 , Sr(OH) 2 , and Ba(OH) 2 . Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. ( Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)
For conjugate acid–base pairs, how are K a and K b related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water CH 3 CO 2 H ( a q ) + H 2 O ( l ) ⇌ CH 3 CO 2 − ( a q ) + H 3 O + ( a q ) where K a = 1.8 × 10 −5 a. Which two bases are competing for the proton? b. Which is the stronger base? c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH 3 CO 2 − ) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer. In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH 3 is a weak acid. To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming K a for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 × 10 6 , calculate K b for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li + , K + , Rb + , Cs + , Ca 2+ , Sr 2+ , and Ba 2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH) 2 , Sr(OH) 2 , and Ba(OH) 2 . Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. ( Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)
Solution Summary: The author explains the relationship between the conjugate base of a weak acid and the base dissociation constant.
For conjugate acid–base pairs, how are Ka and Kb related? Consider the reaction of acetic acid in water
CH
3
CO
2
H
(
a
q
)
+
H
2
O
(
l
)
⇌
CH
3
CO
2
−
(
a
q
)
+
H
3
O
+
(
a
q
)
where Ka = 1.8 × 10−5
a. Which two bases are competing for the proton?
b. Which is the stronger base?
c. In light of your answer to part b. why do we classify the acetate ion (CH3CO2−) as a weak base? Use an appropriate reaction to justify your answer.
In general, as base strength increases, conjugate acid strength decreases. Explain why the conjugate acid of the weak base NH3 is a weak acid.
To summarize, the conjugate base of a weak acid is a weak base and the conjugate acid of a weak base is a weak acid (weak gives you weak). Assuming Ka for a monoprotic strong acid is 1 × 106, calculate Kb for the conjugate base of this strong acid. Why do conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties in water? List the conjugate bases of the six common strong acids. To tie it all together, some instructors have students think of Li+, K+, Rb+, Cs+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Ba2+ as the conjugate acids of the strong bases LiOH, KOH. RbOH, CsOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, and Ba(OH)2. Although not technically correct, the conjugate acid strength of these cations is similar to the conjugate base strength of the strong acids. That is, these cations have no acidic properties in water; similarly, the conjugate bases of strong acids have no basic properties (strong gives you worthless). Fill in the blanks with the correct response. The conjugate base of a weak acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a weak base is a_____acid. The conjugate base of a strong acid is a_____base. The conjugate acid of a strong base is a_____ acid. (Hint: Weak gives you weak and strong gives you worthless.)
Complete the missing entities for following reactions (e.g., major product(s), reactants, and/or solvents) for the SN2 reactions to occur efficiently. Include curved-arrow mechanism for reactions a) to d).
QUESTION 3: Provide the synthetic steps that convert the starting material into the product
(no mechanism required).
HO
OH
NH
CH3
multiple steps
요요
H3C
Q6: Predict the effect of the changes given on the rate of the reaction below.
CH3OH
CH3Cl + NaOCH3
→ CH3OCH3 + NaCl
a) Change the substrate from CH3CI to CH31:
b) Change the nucleophile from NaOCH 3 to NaSCH3:
c) Change the substrate from CH3CI to (CH3)2CHCI:
d) Change the solvent from CH3OH to DMSO.
Chapter 14 Solutions
Student Solutions Manual for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste?s Chemistry, 10th Edition
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