Introduction To Chemistry 5th Edition
Introduction To Chemistry 5th Edition
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260162097
Author: BAUER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 14, Problem 59QP

Denitrification occurs when nitrogen in the soil is lost to the atmosphere. One way in which denitrification can occur in acidic soils rich in plant matter is described by the following equation:

C 6 H 12 O 6 a q + NO 3 a q CO 2 g + N 2 g

Balance this equation, adding H + a q  and H 2 O l as necessary.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given redox reaction is to be balanced.

Concept Introduction:

Redox reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which transfer of electrons takes place in between two species, one species loses electrons (undergo oxidation) and another species gains electrons (undergo reduction). Therefore, the oxidation and reduction processes occur simultaneously in a redox reaction.

Explanation of Solution

The half-cell reactions for the given chemical equations can be obtained by writing the oxidation numbers of each species present in the given reaction.

0+52+420C6H12O6aq+NO3aqCO2g+N2g

According to the above equation, the oxidation number of nitrogen atom changes from +5 to 0 and the oxidation number of carbon atom changes from 0 to +4 , therefore, nitrogen is being reduced and carbon is being oxidized.

On the basis of this, the oxidation (anode) and reduction half-cell reactions (cathode) can be written as,

Anode:C6H12O6aqCO2gCathode:NO3aqN2g

Now, balance the reaction occurring at anode by using the stepwise approach as,

C6H12O6aq6CO2gC6H12O6aq6CO2g+24eC6H12O6aq6CO2g+24H++24eC6H12O6aq+6H2Ol6CO2g+24H++24e

Now, balance the reaction occurring at cathode by using the stepwise approach as,

2NO3aqN2g2NO3aq+10eN2g2NO3aq+12H+aq+10eN2g2NO3aq+12H+aq+10eN2g+6H2Ol

Multiply the reaction occurring at anode with 5 and cathode with 12 .

5C6H12O6aq+6H2Ol6CO2g+24H++24e5C6H12O6aq+30H2Ol30CO2g+120H++120e122NO3aq+12H+aq+10eN2g+6H2Ol24NO3aq+144H+aq+120e12N2g+72H2Ol

Add the reactions occurring at cathode and anode in order to obtain the overall reaction.

5C6H12O6aq+30H2Ol30CO2g+120H+aq+120e24NO3aq+144H+aq+120e12N2g+72H2Ol5C6H12O6aq+30H2Ol+24NO3aq+144H+aq30CO2g+120H+aq+12N2g+72H2Ol¯¯

The overall reaction can be obtained by balancing the hydrogen ions and water molecules in the final equation as,

5C6H12O6aq+24NO3aq+24H+aq30CO2g+12N2g+42H2Ol

Conclusion

The overall balanced chemical equation is,

5C6H12O6aq+24NO3aq+24H+aq30CO2g+12N2g+42H2Ol

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Chapter 14 Solutions

Introduction To Chemistry 5th Edition

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Balancing Redox Reactions in Acidic and Basic Conditions; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N6ivvu6xlog;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY