Introduction To Chemistry
Introduction To Chemistry
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259911149
Author: BAUER, Richard C., Birk, James P., Marks, Pamela
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 14, Problem 57QP

Complete and balance the following oxidation-reduction reactions, assuming they occur in basic solution.

a  NH 3 a q + ClO a q N 2 H 4 a q + Cl a q b  Cr OH 4 a q + HO 2 a q CrO 4 2 a q + H 2 O l c  Br 2 a q Br a q + BrO a q

(a)

Expert Solution
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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given redox chemical equation, which takes place in basic medium, is to be completed and balanced.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton chemical equation is shown as follows,

NH3aq+ClOaqN2H4aq+Claq …(1)

The oxidation states are assigned in the above skeleton chemical equation which are shown as follow,

N3H3aq+Cl+1OaqN22H4aq+Claq …(2)

Two electrons are added on the right of the half-reaction.

2N3H3aqN22H4aq+2e …(3)

Two electrons are added on the left side of the reduction-half reaction of the one given.

Cl+1Oaq+2eClaq …(4)

Further, equation (3) and equation (4) are added.

2N3H3aq+Cl+1OaqN22H4aq+Claq …(5)

To balance the hydrogen atom 1 of the water molecules is added to the right side of chemical equation (5).

2N3H3aq+Cl+1OaqN22H4aq+Claq+H2Ol …(6)

The chemical equation (6) represents the balanced chemical equation for the given reaction.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given redox chemical equation, which takes place in basic medium, is to be completed and balanced.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton chemical equation is shown as follows,

CrOH4aq+HO2aqCrO42aq+H2Oaq …(7)

The oxidation states are assigned in the above skeleton chemical equation which are shown as follow,

Cr+3OH4aq+HO21aqCr+6O42aq+H2O2aq …(8)

Three electrons are added on the right side in the oxidation half-reaction.

Cr+3OH4aqCr+6O42aq+3e …(9

Five electrons are added on the left side of the reduction-half reaction of the one given.

HO21aq+2e2H2O2aq …(10)

To balance the electrons on both sides of the overall reaction, equation (9) is multiplied with 2 .

2Cr+3OH4aq2Cr+6O42aq+6e …(11)

To balance the electrons on both sides of the overall reaction, equation (10) is multiplied with 3 .

3HO21aq+6e6H2O2aq …(12)

Further, equation (11) and equation (12) are added.

2Cr+3OH4aq2Cr+6O42aq+6e3HO21aq+6e6H2O2aq                        ¯2Cr+3OH4aq+3HO21aq2Cr+6O42aq+6H2O2aq¯ …(13)

To balance ionic charge on both sides of the chemical reaction, 1 hydroxyl ion is added on the right side of equation (13).

2Cr+3OH4aq+3HO21aq2Cr+6O42aq+6H2O2aq+OH …(14)

To balance the hydrogen atom 1 of the water molecules is added to the left side of chemical equation (14).

2Cr+3OH4aq+3HO21aq2Cr+6O42aq+5H2O2aq+OH …(15)

The chemical equation (15) represents the balanced chemical equation for the given reaction.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given redox chemical equation, which takes place in basic medium, is to be completed and balanced.

Explanation of Solution

The skeleton chemical equation is shown as follows,

Br2aqBraq+BrOaq …(16)

The oxidation states are assigned in the above skeleton chemical equation which are shown as follow,

Br02aqBraq+Br+1Oaq …(17)

Two electrons are added on the left side of the reduction half-reaction.

Br02aq+2e2Braq …(18)

Two electrons are added on the right side of the oxidation-half reaction of the one given.

Br02aq2Br+1Oaq+2e …(19)

Further, equation (18) and equation (19) are added.

4Br02aq2Braq+2Br+1Oaq …(20)

To balance ionic charge on both sides of the chemical reaction, 4 hydroxyl ions are added on the left side of equation (20).

4Br02aq+4OH2Braq+2Br+1Oaq …(21)

To balance the hydrogen atom 2 of the water molecules are added to the right side of chemical equation (21).

4Br02aq+4OH2Braq+2Br+1Oaq+2H2O …(22)

The chemical equation (22) represents the balanced chemical equation for the given reaction.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

Introduction To Chemistry

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