ANAT.+PHYSIO.2-LAB.MAN. >CUSTOM<
20th Edition
ISBN: 9781264303090
Author: VanPutte
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 14, Problem 20RAC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The pathways that descend from the cerebrum or the cerebellum to the brainstem or the spinal cord are termed as the motor pathways or the descending pathways. These pathways are further categorized into two types. These are direct and indirect pathways.
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Mark the following statements on the role of the brain in movement as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement. a. The dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra enhance the actions of the caudate nucleus and putamen. b. The cerebellum monitors the initiation of movement but does not monitor ongoing movements. c. The basal nuclei inhibit inappropriate movements and are required for the initiation of movement. d. The correction of motor error by the cerebellum can occur over the long term by motor learning
All of the following are true regarding the descending motor tracts EXCEPT
which one?
A. They originate in either the cerebral cortex or brainstem.
B. The pathways are generally made of a two-neuron system.
C. The upper motor neuron fibers target lower motor neurons of the spinal cord or
cranial nerves.
D. They are involved in assisting with voluntary movement.
The subdivision of the brain that does not initiate somatic motor movements, but rather coordinates and fine-tunes those movements, is the a. medulla oblongata. b. cerebrum. c. cerebellum. d. diencephalon.
Chapter 14 Solutions
ANAT.+PHYSIO.2-LAB.MAN. >CUSTOM<
Ch. 14.1 - In general, into what three groups con sensory...Ch. 14.1 - List the eight major types of sensory receptors,...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 3AYPCh. 14.1 - Prob. 4AYPCh. 14.1 - Prob. 5AYPCh. 14.1 - Prob. 6AYPCh. 14.1 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 14.1 - How do descending pathways modulate sensation?Ch. 14.1 - How are pain sensations localized? What is...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 14.1 - Describe the spatial organization of the general...Ch. 14.1 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 14AYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 15AYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 14.2 - What two tracts form the direct pathways? What...Ch. 14.2 - Describe the location of the neurons in each...Ch. 14.2 - Name the structures and tracts that form the...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 21AYPCh. 14.2 - What are the three functional parts of the...Ch. 14.2 - Explain the comparator activities of the...Ch. 14.2 - What are the general symptoms of cerebellar...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 25AYPCh. 14.3 - Prob. 26AYPCh. 14.3 - Discuss the somatic motor output and reflexes from...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 28AYPCh. 14.3 - Prob. 29AYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 30AYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 31AYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 32AYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 33AYPCh. 14.4 - What conditions produce alpha, beta, theta. and...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 35AYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 36AYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 37AYPCh. 14.4 - Distinguish between declarative and procedural...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 39AYPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 40AYPCh. 14.5 - Prob. 41AYPCh. 14.5 - Prob. 42AYPCh. 14.5 - Does aging always produce memory loss?Ch. 14 - Prob. 1RACCh. 14 - Prob. 2RACCh. 14 - Prob. 3RACCh. 14 - Prob. 4RACCh. 14 - Prob. 5RACCh. 14 - Prob. 6RACCh. 14 - Prob. 7RACCh. 14 - Prob. 8RACCh. 14 - Tertiary neurons in both the spinothalamic tract...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10RACCh. 14 - Prob. 11RACCh. 14 - Prob. 12RACCh. 14 - Prob. 13RACCh. 14 - Prob. 14RACCh. 14 - Prob. 15RACCh. 14 - Prob. 16RACCh. 14 - Prob. 17RACCh. 14 - Prob. 18RACCh. 14 - Which of these pathways is not an indirect...Ch. 14 - Prob. 20RACCh. 14 - The major effect of the basal nuclei is a. to act...Ch. 14 - Which part of the cerebellum is correctly matched...Ch. 14 - Prob. 23RACCh. 14 - Prob. 24RACCh. 14 - Prob. 25RACCh. 14 - The main connection between the right and left...Ch. 14 - Prob. 27RACCh. 14 - Prob. 28RACCh. 14 - Prob. 29RACCh. 14 - Prob. 30RACCh. 14 - Describe all the sensations and perceptions...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2CTCh. 14 - Prob. 3CTCh. 14 - Prob. 4CTCh. 14 - Prob. 5CTCh. 14 - Prob. 6CTCh. 14 - Prob. 7CTCh. 14 - Prob. 8CTCh. 14 - Prob. 9CT
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- All of the following are true concerning reflex arcs EXCEPT A.they involve a few neurons and directly enter and immediately leave the spinal cord B.they are used to prevent harm C.they are subconscious and automatic D.they only use the PNS and not the CNSarrow_forwardDamage to the surface tissue of the spinal cord will most likely affecta. information processing within the spinal cord.b. the stimulation of sensory organs.c. communication between the peripheral nervous system and the brain.d. reflex arcs.arrow_forwardWhat regions of the brain are stimulated when the person is extending his/her hand for a handshake? a. visual cortex b. somatonsensory association area c. primary motor cortex d. supplementary motor cortex e. premotor area f. none of the abovearrow_forward
- Spastic paralysis may occur when there is damage to a.the lower motor neurons. b.the upper motor neurons. c.either the lower or the upper motor neurons. d.Spastic paralysis would not result from either of these types of damage.arrow_forwardIn which part of the brain does decussation of descending tractsinvolved in the conscious control of skeletal muscles occur?a. cerebrum d. ponsb. diencephalon e. medulla oblongatac. midbrainarrow_forwardDamage to the dorsal ramus of a spinal nerve results ina. loss of sensation. c. Both a and b are correct.b. loss of motor function.arrow_forward
- 44. Which of these refers to Parkinson’s disease?* A. Head nodding and a “pill rolling” movement of the fingers B. Wild jerky, and almost continuous flapping movement C. Have seizures, intellectually disabled or impaired hearing or vision D. None of the above 45 . Pia mater is the outermost covering of the brain. Dura mater innermost covering of the brain.* A. First statement is true. Second statement is false. B. First statement is false. Second statement is true. C. Both statements are true. D. Both statements are false. 46. Which of these is NOT controlled by medulla oblongata?* A. Blood pressure B. Heart rate C. Body temperature D. None of the abovearrow_forwardThe thoracic spinal cord has the smallest dorsal horn area because: a. the trunk is the most innervated area of the body and therefore there are more projections into the dorsal horn there. b. the trunk is the least innervated area of the body and therefore there are fewer projections into the dorsal horn there. c. most of the descending upper motor neurons have already entered the ventral horn. d. There are many motor neurons to control the small muscles around the spine.arrow_forwardThe autonomic nervous system is also called a. voluntary. b. involuntary. c. neuralgic. d. carpal.arrow_forward
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