Introductory Chemistry (5th Edition) (Standalone Book)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321910295
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 18E
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The relation of strength of an acid to the strength of its conjugate base is to be explained
Concept introduction:
Brønsted-Lowry acids are those substances which have the ability to donate proton and Brønsted -Lowry bases are those substances which have the ability to accept proton. In accordance to Brønsted-Lowry, both acids and bases always exists together.
A conjugate acid-base pair can be referred to as any two chemical compounds that are associated with each other by the transfer of a proton.
When an acids donates a proton, it forms its conjugate base. Similarly, when a base accepts a proton, it forms its conjugate acid.
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Using reaction free energy to predict equilibrium composition
Consider the following equilibrium:
2NOCI (g) 2NO (g) + Cl2 (g) AGº =41. kJ
Now suppose a reaction vessel is filled with 4.50 atm of nitrosyl chloride (NOCI) and 6.38 atm of chlorine (C12) at 212. °C. Answer the following questions
about this system:
?
rise
Under these conditions, will the pressure of NOCI tend to rise or fall?
x10
fall
Is it possible to reverse this tendency by adding NO?
In other words, if you said the pressure of NOCI will tend to rise, can that
be changed to a tendency to fall by adding NO? Similarly, if you said the
pressure of NOCI will tend to fall, can that be changed to a tendency to
rise by adding NO?
yes
no
If you said the tendency can be reversed in the second question, calculate
the minimum pressure of NO needed to reverse it.
Round your answer to 2 significant digits.
0.035 atm
✓
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18
Ar
Highlight each glycosidic bond in the molecule below. Then answer the questions in the table under the drawing area.
HO-
HO-
-0
OH
OH
HO
NG
HO-
HO-
OH
OH
OH
OH
NG
OH
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+
Suppose the molecule in the drawing area below were reacted with H₂ over a platinum catalyst. Edit the molecule to show what would happen to it. That is, turn
it into the product of the reaction.
Also, write the name of the product molecule under the drawing area.
Name: ☐
H
C=0
X
H-
OH
HO-
H
HO-
-H
CH₂OH
×
Chapter 14 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry (5th Edition) (Standalone Book)
Ch. 14 - Which substance is most likely to have a bitter...Ch. 14 - Identity the Brnsted-Lowry base in the reaction....Ch. 14 - What is the conjugate base of the acid HClO4 ? a....Ch. 14 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 14 - Q5. What are the products of the reaction between...Ch. 14 - A 25.00-mL sample of an HNO3 solution is titrated...Ch. 14 - In which solution is [H3O+] less than 0.100 M? a....Ch. 14 - Prob. 8SAQCh. 14 - Prob. 9SAQCh. 14 - What is the pH of a solution with [H3O+]=2.8105M ?...
Ch. 14 - What is [OH] in a solution with a pH of 9.55 ? a....Ch. 14 - A buffer contains HCHO2(aq) and KCHO2(aq). Which...Ch. 14 - 1. What makes tart gummy candies, such as Sour...Ch. 14 - Prob. 2ECh. 14 - 3. What is the main component of stomach acid? Why...Ch. 14 - Prob. 4ECh. 14 - What are the properties of bases? Provide some...Ch. 14 - Prob. 6ECh. 14 - Restate the Arrhenius definition of an acid and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 8ECh. 14 - 9. Restate the Brønsted-Lowry definitions of acids...Ch. 14 - Prob. 10ECh. 14 - What is an acidbase neutralization reaction?...Ch. 14 - Prob. 12ECh. 14 - Prob. 13ECh. 14 - 14. Name a metal that a base can dissolve and...Ch. 14 - What is titration? What is the equivalence point?Ch. 14 - Prob. 16ECh. 14 - Prob. 17ECh. 14 - Prob. 18ECh. 14 - Prob. 19ECh. 14 - Prob. 20ECh. 14 - Does pure water contain any H3O+ ions? Explain...Ch. 14 - Prob. 22ECh. 14 - 23. Give a possible value of and in a solution...Ch. 14 - 24. How is pH defined? A change of 1.0 pH unit...Ch. 14 - 25. How is pOH defined? A change of 2.0 pOH units...Ch. 14 - Prob. 26ECh. 14 - Prob. 27ECh. 14 - Prob. 28ECh. 14 - Identify each substance as an acid or a base and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 30ECh. 14 - 31. For each reaction, identify the Brønsted-Lowry...Ch. 14 - ACID AND BASE DEFINITIONS For each reaction,...Ch. 14 - Determine whether each pair is a conjugate...Ch. 14 - Determine whether each pair is a conjugate...Ch. 14 - Prob. 35ECh. 14 - Prob. 36ECh. 14 - Prob. 37ECh. 14 - Prob. 38ECh. 14 - Write a neutralization reaction for each acid and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 40ECh. 14 - 41. Write a balanced chemical equation showing how...Ch. 14 - Prob. 42ECh. 14 - Prob. 43ECh. 14 - Prob. 44ECh. 14 - Prob. 45ECh. 14 - Prob. 46ECh. 14 - 47. Four solutions of unknown HCl concentration...Ch. 14 - 48. Four solutions of unknown NaOH concentration...Ch. 14 - 49. A 25.00-mL sample of an solution of unknown...Ch. 14 - 50. A 5.00-mL sample of an solution of unknown...Ch. 14 - What volume in milliliters of a 0.121 M sodium...Ch. 14 - Prob. 52ECh. 14 - Prob. 53ECh. 14 - Prob. 54ECh. 14 - Prob. 55ECh. 14 - Prob. 56ECh. 14 - Prob. 57ECh. 14 - Prob. 58ECh. 14 - Prob. 59ECh. 14 - STRONG AND WEAK ACIDS AND BASES 60. Determine [OH]...Ch. 14 - 61. Determine if each solution is acidic, basic,...Ch. 14 - Prob. 62ECh. 14 - Calculate [OH] given [H3O+] in each aqueous...Ch. 14 - ACIDITY, BASICITY, AND Kw
64. Calculate [OH-]...Ch. 14 - Calculate [H3O+] given [OH] in each aqueous...Ch. 14 - Prob. 66ECh. 14 - 67. Classify each solution as acidic, basic, or...Ch. 14 - Prob. 68ECh. 14 - 69. Calculate the pH of each...Ch. 14 - Calculate the pH of each solution. a....Ch. 14 - 71. Calculate of each solution.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ch. 14 - 72. Calculate of each solution.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ch. 14 - Prob. 73ECh. 14 - Prob. 74ECh. 14 - pH Calculate [OH] for each solution. (a) pH = 2.2...Ch. 14 - 76. Calculate of each solution.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ch. 14 - pH Calculate the pH of each solution: (a) 0.001...Ch. 14 - Prob. 78ECh. 14 - Determine the pOH of each solution and classify it...Ch. 14 - Determine the pOH of each solution and classify it...Ch. 14 - Determine the pOH of each solution. a....Ch. 14 - Prob. 82ECh. 14 - Prob. 83ECh. 14 - Prob. 84ECh. 14 - 85. Determine whether or not each mixture is a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 86ECh. 14 - Prob. 87ECh. 14 - Prob. 88ECh. 14 - Prob. 89ECh. 14 - Which substance could you add to each solution to...Ch. 14 - 91. How much 0.100 M HCl is required to completely...Ch. 14 - Prob. 92ECh. 14 - What is the minimum volume of 1.2 M HNO3 required...Ch. 14 - What is the minimum volume of 3.0 M HBr required...Ch. 14 - Prob. 95ECh. 14 - Prob. 96ECh. 14 - A 0.125-g sample of a monoprotic acid of unknown...Ch. 14 - Prob. 98ECh. 14 - 99. People take antacids, such as milk of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 100ECh. 14 - Prob. 101ECh. 14 - Prob. 102ECh. 14 - Complete the table. (The first row is completed...Ch. 14 - Prob. 104ECh. 14 - Prob. 105ECh. 14 - 106. For each strong acid solution, determine...Ch. 14 - 107. For each strong base solution, determine , ...Ch. 14 - Prob. 108ECh. 14 - 109. As described in Section 14.1, jailed spies on...Ch. 14 - Prob. 110ECh. 14 - 111. What is the pH of a solution formed by mixing...Ch. 14 - Prob. 112ECh. 14 - 113. How many (or ) ions are present in one drop...Ch. 14 - Prob. 114ECh. 14 - Prob. 115ECh. 14 - Prob. 116ECh. 14 - Prob. 117ECh. 14 - Prob. 118ECh. 14 - Prob. 119ECh. 14 - Choose an example of a reaction featuring a...Ch. 14 - 121. Divide your group in two. Have each half of...Ch. 14 - Prob. 122ECh. 14 - With group members acting as atoms or ions, act...
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