Physics for Scientists and Engineers
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133947271
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 14, Problem 14.37P
Refer to Problem 16 and Figure P14.16. A hydrometer is to be constructed with a cylindrical floating rod. Nine fiduciary marks are to be placed along the rod to indicate densities of 0.98 g/cm3, 1.00 g/cm3, 1.02 g/cm3, 1.01 g/cm3,… 1.14 g/cm3. The row of marks is to start 0.200 cm from the top end of the rod and end 1.80 cm from the top end. (a) What is the required length of the rod? (b) What must be its average density? (c) Should the marks be equally spaced? Explain your answer.
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An aluminum rod and a copper rod have the same length of 100cm at 5C. At what temperatures would one of the rods be 0.5 mm longer than the other? Which rod is longer at such temperature?
ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS
Question 01
A solid circular cylinder and a solid spherical ball of the same mass and radius are rolling
together down the same inclined. Calculate the ratio of their kinetic energy. Assume pure
rolling motion Question 02
A sphere and cylinder of the same mass and radius start from ret at the same point and more
down the same plane inclined at 30° to the horizontal
Which body gets the bottom first and what is its acceleration
b) What angle of inclination of the plane is needed to give the slower body the same
acceleration
Question 03
i)
Define the angular velocity of a rotating body and give its SI unit
A car wheel has its angular velocity changing from 2rads to 30 rads
seconds. If the radius of the wheel is 400mm. calculate
ii)
The angular acceleration
iii)
The tangential linear acceleration of a point on the rim of the wheel
Question 04
in 20
Question B3
Consider the following FLRW spacetime:
t2
ds² = -dt² +
(dx²
+ dy²+ dz²),
t2
where t is a constant.
a)
State whether this universe is spatially open, closed or flat.
[2 marks]
b) Determine the Hubble factor H(t), and represent it in a (roughly drawn) plot as a function
of time t, starting at t = 0.
[3 marks]
c) Taking galaxy A to be located at (x, y, z) = (0,0,0), determine the proper distance to galaxy
B located at (x, y, z) = (L, 0, 0). Determine the recessional velocity of galaxy B with respect
to galaxy A.
d) The Friedmann equations are
2
k
8πG
а
4πG
+
a²
(p+3p).
3
a
3
[5 marks]
Use these equations to determine the energy density p(t) and the pressure p(t) for the
FLRW spacetime specified at the top of the page.
[5 marks]
e) Given the result of question B3.d, state whether the FLRW universe in question is (i)
radiation-dominated, (ii) matter-dominated, (iii) cosmological-constant-dominated, or (iv)
none of the previous. Justify your answer.
f)
[5 marks]
A conformally…
Chapter 14 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 14 - Suppose you are standing directly behind someone...Ch. 14 - The pressure at the bottom of a filled glass of...Ch. 14 - Several common barometers are built, with a...Ch. 14 - You are shipwrecked and floating in the middle of...Ch. 14 - You observe two helium balloons floating next to...Ch. 14 - Figure OQ14.1 shows aerial views from directly...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.2OQCh. 14 - A wooden block floats in water, and a steel object...Ch. 14 - An apple is held completely submerged just below...Ch. 14 - A beach ball is made of thin plastic. It has been...
Ch. 14 - A solid iron sphere and a solid lead sphere of the...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.7OQCh. 14 - One of the predicted problems due to global...Ch. 14 - A boat develops a leak and, after its passengers...Ch. 14 - A small piece of steel is tied to a block of wood....Ch. 14 - A piece of unpainted porous wood barely floats in...Ch. 14 - A person in a boat floating in a small pond throws...Ch. 14 - Rank the buoyant forces exerted on the following...Ch. 14 - A water supply maintains a constant rate of flow...Ch. 14 - A glass of water contains floating ice cubes. When...Ch. 14 - An ideal fluid flows through a horizontal pipe...Ch. 14 - When an object is immersed in a liquid at rest,...Ch. 14 - Two thin-walled drinking glasses having equal base...Ch. 14 - Because atmospheric pressure is about 105 N/m2 and...Ch. 14 - A fish rests on the bottom of a bucket of water...Ch. 14 - You are a passenger on a spacecraft. For your...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.6CQCh. 14 - Prob. 14.7CQCh. 14 - If you release a ball while inside a freely...Ch. 14 - (a) Is the buoyant force a conservative force? (b)...Ch. 14 - All empty metal soap dish barely floats in water....Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.11CQCh. 14 - Prob. 14.12CQCh. 14 - Prob. 14.13CQCh. 14 - Does a ship float higher in the water of an inland...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.15CQCh. 14 - Prob. 14.16CQCh. 14 - Prairie dogs ventilate their burrows by building a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.18CQCh. 14 - Prob. 14.19CQCh. 14 - A large man sits on a four-legged chair with his...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.2PCh. 14 - A 50.0-kg woman wearing high-heeled shoes is...Ch. 14 - Estimate the total mass of the Earths atmosphere....Ch. 14 - Calculate the mass of a solid gold rectangular bar...Ch. 14 - (a) A wry powerful vacuum cleaner has a hose 2.86...Ch. 14 - The spring of the pressure gauge shown in Figure...Ch. 14 - The small piston of a hydraulic lift (Fig. P14.8)...Ch. 14 - What must be the contact area between a suction...Ch. 14 - A swimming pool has dimensions 30.0 m 10.0 m and...Ch. 14 - (a) Calculate the absolute pressure at the bottom...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.12PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.13PCh. 14 - A container is filled to a depth of 20.0 cm with...Ch. 14 - Review. The lank in Figure P14.15 is filled with...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.16PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.17PCh. 14 - Review. A solid sphere of brass (bulk modulus of...Ch. 14 - Normal atmospheric pressure is 1.013 103 Pa. The...Ch. 14 - The human brain and spinal cord are immersed in...Ch. 14 - Blaise Pascal duplicated Torricellis barometer...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.22PCh. 14 - A backyard swimming pool with a circular base of...Ch. 14 - A tank with a flat bottom of area A and vertical...Ch. 14 - A table-tennis ball has a diameter of 3.80 cm and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.26PCh. 14 - A 10.0-kg block of metal measuring 12.0 cm by 10.0...Ch. 14 - A light balloon is filled with 400 m3 of helium at...Ch. 14 - A cube of wood having an edge dimension of 20.0 cm...Ch. 14 - The United States possesses the ten largest...Ch. 14 - A plastic sphere floats in water with 50.0% of its...Ch. 14 - A spherical vessel used for deep-sea exploration...Ch. 14 - A wooden block of volume 5.24 104 m3 floats in...Ch. 14 - The weight of a rectangular block of low-density...Ch. 14 - A large weather balloon whose mass is 226 kg is...Ch. 14 - A hydrometer is an instrument used to determine...Ch. 14 - Refer to Problem 16 and Figure P14.16. A...Ch. 14 - On October 21, 2001, Ian Ashpole of the United...Ch. 14 - How many cubic meters of helium are required to...Ch. 14 - Water flowing through a garden hose of diameter...Ch. 14 - A large storage tank, open at the top and filled...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.42PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.43PCh. 14 - A village maintains a large tank with ail open...Ch. 14 - A legendary Dutch boy saved Holland by plugging a...Ch. 14 - Water falls over a dam of height h with a mass...Ch. 14 - Water is pumped up from the Colorado River to...Ch. 14 - In ideal flow, a liquid of density 850 kg/m3 moves...Ch. 14 - The Venturi tube discussed in Example 14.8 and...Ch. 14 - Review. Old Faithful Geyser in Yellowstone...Ch. 14 - An airplane is cruising al altitude 10 km. The...Ch. 14 - An airplane has a mass of 1.60 104 kg, and each...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.53PCh. 14 - The Bernoulli effect can have important...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.55PCh. 14 - Decades ago, it was thought that huge herbivorous...Ch. 14 - (a) Calculate the absolute pressure at an ocean...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.58APCh. 14 - A spherical aluminum ball of mass 1.26 kg contains...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.60APCh. 14 - Review. Figure P14.61 shows a valve separating a...Ch. 14 - The true weight of an object can be measured in a...Ch. 14 - Water is forced out of a fire extinguisher by air...Ch. 14 - Review. Assume a certain liquid, with density 1...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.65APCh. 14 - Prob. 14.66APCh. 14 - Prob. 14.67APCh. 14 - A common parameter that can be used to predict...Ch. 14 - Evangelista Torricelli was the first person to...Ch. 14 - Review. With reference to the dam studied in...Ch. 14 - A 1.00-kg beaker containing 2.00 kg of oil...Ch. 14 - A beaker of mass mb containing oil of mass mu and...Ch. 14 - In 1983, the United States began coining the...Ch. 14 - Review. A long, cylindrical rod of radius r is...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.75APCh. 14 - The spirit-in-glass thermometer, invented in...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.77APCh. 14 - Review. In a water pistol, a piston drives water...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.79APCh. 14 - The water supply of a building is fed through a...Ch. 14 - A U-tube open at both ends is partially filled...Ch. 14 - A woman is draining her fish tank by siphoning the...Ch. 14 - The hull of an experimental boat is to be lifted...Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.84APCh. 14 - An ice cube whose edges measure 20.0 mm is...Ch. 14 - Why is the following situation impossible? A barge...Ch. 14 - Show that the variation of atmospheric pressure...
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