Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321967671
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 14, Problem 13BS
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To explain: How the impact of human activities might make the sixth mass extinction different from previous mass extinctions as many biologists think current rate of species extinction indicates that a sixth mass extinction is underway.
Introduction: Mass extinction is an event that involved the extinction of very large populations of biodiversity on earth. It occurs when the rate of extinction is more than the rate of
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What are the five mass extinctions of the past and the current theory of the sixth mass extinction? For each extinctions, what caused the extinction and how was ecosystem stability impacted? Was there any speciation that occurred afterward?
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Do you think generalist or specialized species would be better able to adapt and avoid extinction if the environment changed rapidly, for example, as a result of forced climate change? Why?
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Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (5th Edition)
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- What are some of the hypothesized causes of Earth’s biggest mass extinctions?arrow_forwardAllan Pounds and Kevin Anchukaitis both think only one factor - either climate change or an El Nino event - killed the golden toad. However, might they both be right? Could it be that the dry conditions created by the El Nino event were worsened by underlying climate change effects, so that El Nino and climate change together caused the extinction of the golden toad in Monteverde? Yes, the El Nino event in combination with climate change could have led to the extinction of the golden toad. Multiple factors can influence species' extinction. O No, only one factor - either climate change or El Nino - acting alone killed the golden toad. Species are only ever affected by one environmental factor, never by multiple factors.arrow_forwardWhat is Macroevolution? A) The change of a population over several generations B) The history of a species from its origin C) The history of all populations and their descendantsarrow_forward
- An extinction vortex describes a) changes in a population’s gene pool that lead to a loss in fitness across time. b) a species ability to adapt to changes in their environment. c) the continuous series of extinctions caused by competition between species. d) a population that has a reduction in fitness because it cannot escape a Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the biological significance of genetic diversity between populations? A) Genes for traits conferring an advantage to local conditions are unlikely. B) Diseases and parasites are not spread between separated populations. C) Genetic diversity reduces the probability of extinction. D) The population that is most fit would survive by competitive exclusion.arrow_forwardSome scientists believe we are in the midst of a new phase of mass extinction, influenced by human behavior, threatening the earth’s biological diversity and contributing to widespread ecological crises. How can the study of non-human species help shape human responses to these potential threats?arrow_forward
- How does the reduced genetic diversity of small populations make them more vulnerable to extinction?arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between micro- and macroevolution? a. Microevolution describes the evolution of small organisms, such as insects, while macroevolution describes the evolution of large organisms, like people and elephants. b. Microevolution describes the evolution of microscopic entities, such as molecules and proteins, while macroevolution describes the evolution of whole organisms. c. Microevolution describes the evolution of populations, while macroevolution describes the emergence of new species over long periods of time. d. Microevolution describes the evolution of organisms over their lifetimes, while macroevolution describes the evolution of organisms over multiple generations.arrow_forwardWhat is a mass extinction? What makes the 6th mass extinction that is happening right now different from the last 5?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements about extinction is not correct? (a) extinction is the permanent loss of a species (b) extinction is a natural biological process (c) once a species is extinct, it never reappears (d) human activities have little impact on extinctions (e) thousands of plant and animal species are currently threatened with extinctionarrow_forwardWhich of the following terms most specifically describes what occurs when a group of organisms expands to take on new ecological roles, forming new species and higher taxonomic groups in the process? (a) speciation (b) mass extinction (c) evolution (d) adaptive radiationarrow_forwardWHAT IS MASS EXTINCTION? HOW DID MASS EXTINCTION EVENTS INFLUENCE EARTH'S HISTORY?arrow_forward
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