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Issue of bond at premium:
When the coupon rate or contract rate of a bond is higher than the market interest rate, the bond is being issued at premium. If the bond is issued at premium, the selling price of the bond will be higher than the face value of the bond.
Effective interest method:
Effective interest method aims at computing an accurate interest expense. In case of issue of bonds on premium, the carrying value of the bonds payable inclusive of premium amortized is used to determine the interest expense during a particular period. Hence the interest expense decreases as the carrying value of the bonds decrease.
To determine:
1. Prepare
2. Compute the total bond interest expense to be recognized over the bonds’ life.
3. Preparation of amortization table for first two year using the effective interest method.
4. Prepare journal entry to record the first two interest payments.
5. Prepare journal entry to record the retirement of bonds on January 1, 2017, at 98.
6. Assume that the market rate on January 1, 2015, is 12% instead of 10%. Without presenting numbers, describe how this change affects the amounts reported on Ike’s financial statement.
Answer to Problem 10APSA
Solution:
1.
| Date | Accounts | Debit | Credit |
| 2015 | |||
| Jan. 1 | Cash | $184,566 | |
| Bonds Payable | $180,000 | ||
| Premium on Bonds Payable | $4,566 |
2.
The total bond interest expense to be recognized over the bond’s life is $54,834.
3. Amortization Table
| Period Ending | (A) Cash Interest Paid 5.5% X Par Value | (B) Bond Interest Expense 5% X Prior (E) | (C) Premium Amortization (A) − (B) | (D) Unamortized Premium Prior (D) − (C) | (E) Carrying Value Par Value + (D) |
| 01/1/2015 | $4,566 | $184,566 | |||
| 06/30/2015 | $9,900 | $9,228 | $672 | $3,894 | $183,894 |
| 12/31/2015 | $9,900 | $9,195 | $705 | $3,189 | $183,189 |
| 06/30/2016 | $9,900 | $9,159 | $741 | $2,448 | $182,448 |
| 12/31/2016 | $9,900 | $9,122 | $778 | $1,670 | $181,670 |
| 06/30/2017 | $9,900 | $9,084 | $816 | $854 | $180,854 |
| 12/31/2017 | $9,900 | $9,046 | $854 | 0 | $180,000 |
| $59,400 | $54,834 | $4,566 |
4. Journal entries to record the first two interest payments.
| Date | General Journal | Debit | Credit |
| 2015 | |||
| Jun. 30 | Interest Expense | $9,228 | |
| Premium on Bonds Payable | $672 | ||
| Cash | $9,900 | ||
| Dec. 31 | Interest Expense | $9,195 | |
| Premium on Bonds Payable | $705 | ||
| Cash | $9,900 | ||
5. Journal entry for the retirement of bonds payable
| Date | General Journal | Debit | Credit |
| 2017 | |||
| Jan. 1 | Bonds Payable | $180,000 | |
| Premium on Bonds payable | $1,670 | ||
| Cash | $176,400 | ||
| Gain on retirement of bonds | $5,270 |
6.
If the market rate on January 1, 2015 is 12% instead of 10%, the issue will be on discount because the market rate exceeds the contract rate. In this case the interest expense will be more and interest payment will be lesser due to the amortization of discount semiannually.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation:
1. Computation of Premium on bonds payable
Premium on Bonds Payable = Issue price of the bond –Par value of the bond = $184,566 − $180,000 = $4,566
2.
| Computation of total interest expense | |
| Amount to be repaid at maturity: | |
| Total Interest Payment | $59,400 |
| Par Value of Bonds | $180,000 |
| Total amount to be repaid | $239,400 |
| Less : Selling Price of the Bonds | $184,566 |
| Total Bond Interest Expense | $54,834 |
*Interest Payment = $9,900 X 6 = $59,400* Semiannual Interest Payment = $180,000 X 0.055 = $9,900
3.
4. The journal entry record the first two interest expense in effective interest method is basically same except the amount of interest expense and amortization per period changes.
5.
| Par Value of the bonds (Dr.) | $180,000 |
| Add: Unamortized Premium (12/31/2016) | $1,670 |
| Carrying Value of bonds (12/31/2016) | $181,670 |
| Less: Cash Proceeds on retirement ($180,000 X 0.98) | $176,400 |
| Gain on retirement of bonds | $5,270 |
Conclusion:
It is concluded that the total interest expense over the life of the bonds is $54,834 and at the retirement of bonds, Ike gained a sum of $5,270.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Fundamental Accounting Principles -Hardcover
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