Math in Our World
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781264357116
Author: sobecki
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 13.4, Problem 1E
To determine
To explain: The difference between a graph and a tree.
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An insurance company's cumulative incurred claims for the last 5 accident years are given
in the following table:
Development Year
Accident Year 0
2018
1 2 3 4
245 267 274 289 292
2019
255 276 288 294
2020
265 283 292
2021
263 278
2022
271
It can be assumed that claims are fully run off after 4 years. The premiums received for
each year are:
Accident Year Premium
2018
306
2019
312
2020
318
2021
326
2022
330
You do not need to make any allowance for inflation.
1. (a) Calculate the reserve at the end of 2022 using the basic chain ladder method.
(b) Calculate the reserve at the end of 2022 using the Bornhuetter-Ferguson method.
2. Comment on the differences in the reserves produced by the methods in Part 1.
Chapter 13 Solutions
Math in Our World
Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 1TTOCh. 13.1 - The floor plan shown in Figure 14-7 is for a...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 3TTOCh. 13.1 - Draw a graph for my neighborhood, shown in Figure...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 5TTOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 6TTOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 7TTOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 8TTOCh. 13.1 - Prob. 1ECh. 13.1 - What is the difference between a loop and a...
Ch. 13.1 - What is the difference between a circuit and a...Ch. 13.1 - Draw two graphs that look physically different but...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 9ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 10ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 13.1 - How does graph coloring apply to maps?Ch. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Use the following graph to answer Exercises 1324....Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 27ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 29ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 30ECh. 13.1 - For Exercises 3134, represent each figure using a...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 32ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 33ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 36ECh. 13.1 - For Exercises 3538, draw a graph to represent each...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 38ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 39ECh. 13.1 - For Exercises 3942, draw a graph that represents...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 41ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 42ECh. 13.1 - In Exercises 4350, use graph coloring to find the...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 44ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 45ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 46ECh. 13.1 - In Exercises 4350, use graph coloring to find the...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 48ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 49ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 50ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 51ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 52ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 53ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 54ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 55ECh. 13.1 - Draw a graph that represents the street map in...Ch. 13.1 - Prob. 57ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 58ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 59ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 61ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 62ECh. 13.1 - Prob. 63ECh. 13.1 - (a)When a graph represents a map as in Exercise...Ch. 13.2 - Classify the paths shown in the graphs as Euler...Ch. 13.2 - Use Euler's theorem to determine if the graphs...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 3TTOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 4TTOCh. 13.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 710, decide whether each connected...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 710, decide whether each connected...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 1120, (a)State whether the graph has...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 1120, (a)State whether the graph has...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 1120, (a)State whether the graph has...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 1120, (a)State whether the graph has...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 1120, (a)State whether the graph has...Ch. 13.2 - For Exercises 1120, (a)State whether the graph has...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 2126, draw a graph for the figures...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 30ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 32ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 13.2 - For Exercises 33 and 34, determine if an Euler...Ch. 13.2 - For Exercises 33 and 34, determine if an Euler...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 40ECh. 13.2 - Draw some sample graphs and use them to discuss...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 42ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 44ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 45ECh. 13.2 - Explain why the word connected is crucial...Ch. 13.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 13.2 - Prob. 48ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 1TTOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 2TTOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 3TTOCh. 13.3 - The driving times in minutes between four cities...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 5TTOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 6TTOCh. 13.3 - Prob. 7TTOCh. 13.3 - What is the difference between a Hamilton path and...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 13.3 - Give an example of a problem in our world that can...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 13.3 - Describe what a typical traveling salesperson...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 13.3 - For Exercises 1118, find two different Hamilton...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 13.3 - For Exercises 1118, find two different Hamilton...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 13.3 - For Exercises 1118, find two different Hamilton...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 13.3 - For Exercises 1924, find two different Hamilton...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 13.3 - For Exercises 2528, find the number of Hamilton...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 13.3 - For Exercises 29 and 30, use the brute force...Ch. 13.3 - For Exercises 3134, use the nearest neighbor...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 13.3 - For Exercises 3942, use the information in the...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 13.3 - For Exercises 4346, use the information in the...Ch. 13.3 - For Exercises 4346, use the information in the...Ch. 13.3 - For Exercises 45–48, use the information in the...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 49ECh. 13.3 - A pizza delivery person has five prearranged...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 51ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 52ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 53ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 54ECh. 13.3 - When planning routes, distance isnt always the key...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 56ECh. 13.3 - Repeat questions 51 through 54, choosing four...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 58ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 59ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 60ECh. 13.3 - Find a road atlas that has a mileage chart. Pick...Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 62ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 63ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 64ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 65ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 66ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 67ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 68ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 69ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 70ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 71ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 72ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 73ECh. 13.3 - Prob. 74ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 1TTOCh. 13.4 - Prob. 2TTOCh. 13.4 - Prob. 3TTOCh. 13.4 - Prob. 4TTOCh. 13.4 - Prob. 5TTOCh. 13.4 - Prob. 1ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 2ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 13.4 - For Exercise 716, decide whether or not each graph...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 13.4 - As a new suburban neighborhood is being built, the...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 13.4 - In the last two sections, we used both Hamilton...Ch. 13.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 13.4 - Prob. 44ECh. 13 - Use the graph shown in Figure 14-62 for Exercise...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2RECh. 13 - Prob. 3RECh. 13 - Prob. 4RECh. 13 - Prob. 5RECh. 13 - Prob. 6RECh. 13 - Use the graph shown in Figure 14-62 for Exercises...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8RECh. 13 - Prob. 9RECh. 13 - Prob. 10RECh. 13 - Prob. 11RECh. 13 - Prob. 12RECh. 13 - Prob. 13RECh. 13 - Repeat Exercise 13 for the graphs from Exercises...Ch. 13 - Prob. 15RECh. 13 - Prob. 16RECh. 13 - Prob. 17RECh. 13 - Prob. 18RECh. 13 - Prob. 19RECh. 13 - Prob. 20RECh. 13 - Prob. 21RECh. 13 - Prob. 22RECh. 13 - Prob. 23RECh. 13 - Prob. 24RECh. 13 - Prob. 25RECh. 13 - Prob. 26RECh. 13 - Prob. 27RECh. 13 - Prob. 28RECh. 13 - Prob. 29RECh. 13 - Prob. 30RECh. 13 - Prob. 31RECh. 13 - Prob. 32RECh. 13 - Prob. 33RECh. 13 - Prob. 34RECh. 13 - For the following graph: (a)What is the degree of...Ch. 13 - Draw a graph with two bridges, and the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3CTCh. 13 - Prob. 4CTCh. 13 - (a)For the graph shown in Figure 14-73, find an...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6CTCh. 13 - For the housing plan shown in Figure 14-75, draw a...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8CTCh. 13 - Use the brute force method to find the shortest...Ch. 13 - Use the nearest neighbor method and cheapest link...Ch. 13 - Prob. 11CTCh. 13 - Decide whether the problem can be solved using...
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