BIOLOGY:ESSENTIALS NSU (LL)-W/ACCESS
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781265143862
Author: Hoefnagels
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 13.2, Problem 3MC
How does radiometric dating work?
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1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple different routes of administration provides greater insight than just a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250 g rats following bolus iv, oral (po), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.Using this data and set of graphs, determine:
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data (b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data (c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data (d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip (e) absolute po bioavailability, (f)Fpo absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
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2. Drug quantification from plasma is commonly performed by using techniques such as HPLC or LC/MS. However, these methods do have limitations, and investigators may choose to use a radiolabeled analog of a drug instead. Radioligands are molecules that contain radioactive isotopes, commonly 3H or 14C. This technique allows investigators to quantify drug concentration from radiation measurements. The following measurements were made in 250 g rats following oral administration of 18.2 µCi of a 14C-labeled drug of interest: Time (min) Plasma Radiation Levels (µCi/L) 0 0.0 2 9.7 4 19.2 7 25.3 9 37.8 12 39.6 14 45.8 17 48.8 20 52.0 25 56.4 30 59.2 35 60.1 40 61.1 45 62.1 50 62.8 60 63.1 70 62.1 80 60.1 90 57.3 100 55.5 110 53.7 120 52.2 150 48.0 180 45.0 240 39.0
Note that a µCi is a measure of the amount of radioactivity and hence is a measure of the amount of drug present. Given that the oral bioavailability of this drug is known to be essentially 100%, estimate the following from this…
The current nutrition labelling regulation in Hong Kong requires food manufacturer to list E+7 information on the package of pre-packaged food products. Do you think that more nutrients, such as calcium and cholesterol, shall be included?
Chapter 13 Solutions
BIOLOGY:ESSENTIALS NSU (LL)-W/ACCESS
Ch. 13.1 - What is the geologic timescale?Ch. 13.1 - What types of information provide the clues that...Ch. 13.2 - Why is the fossil record useful, even if it doesnt...Ch. 13.2 - Distinguish between relative and absolute dating...Ch. 13.2 - How does radiometric dating work?Ch. 13.3 - Prob. 1MCCh. 13.3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 13.4 - Prob. 1MCCh. 13.4 - Prob. 2MCCh. 13.4 - Prob. 3MC
Ch. 13.5 - How does the study of embryonic development reveal...Ch. 13.5 - Prob. 2MCCh. 13.6 - How does analysis of DNA and proteins support...Ch. 13.6 - Prob. 2MCCh. 13 - Why is the fossil record incomplete? a. Because...Ch. 13 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 13 - The study of biogeography is most concerned with...Ch. 13 - Octopuses and cuttlefish are mollusks that have a...Ch. 13 - Ground beetles have useless hindwings. In related...Ch. 13 - Scorpions occupy every continent except...Ch. 13 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 13 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 13 - Which of the following would be most useful for...Ch. 13 - Prob. 1WIOCh. 13 - Prob. 2WIOCh. 13 - Why are transitional fossils especially useful for...Ch. 13 - Prob. 4WIOCh. 13 - Index fossils represent organisms that were...Ch. 13 - Prob. 6WIOCh. 13 - Prob. 7WIOCh. 13 - How did the discovery of Wallaces line demonstrate...Ch. 13 - Why is it important for evolutionary biologists to...Ch. 13 - Suppose that plants in the San Francisco Bay area...Ch. 13 - Many species look similar as embryos. What causes...Ch. 13 - Give examples of how the field of evolutionary...Ch. 13 - Prob. 13WIOCh. 13 - Prob. 14WIOCh. 13 - Prob. 15WIOCh. 13 - Prob. 16WIOCh. 13 - Genetic anthropology combines the study of DNA...Ch. 13 - Review Burning Question 13.13, which explains why...Ch. 13 - Review the Survey the Landscape figure in the...Ch. 13 - Write a phrase to connect fossils and biogeography...Ch. 13 - Add the following terms to this concept map:...Ch. 13 - Provide an example of ach line of evidence for...
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