Chapter 13.2, Problem 1Q

In recent years a number of research projects in extrasensory perception have examined the possibility that hypnosis may be helpful in bringing out ESP in persons who did not think they had any. The obvious way to test such a hypothesis is with a self-paired design: the ESP ability of a subject when he is awake is compared to his ability when hypnotized. In one study of this sort, fifteen college students were each asked to guess the identity of two hundred Zener cards (see Case Study 4.3.1). The same “sender”-that is, the person concentrating on the card-was used for each trial. For one hundred of the trials both the student and the sender were awake; for the other one hundred both were hypnotized. If chance were the only factor involved, the expected number of correct identifications in each set of one hundred trials would be twenty. The observed average numbers of correct guesses for subjects awake and subjects hypnotized were 18.9 and 21.7, respectively (24). Use the analysis of variance to determine whether that difference is statistically significant at the 0.05 level.

Number of Correct Responses (out of 100) in ESP Experiment
Student	Sender and Student In Waking State	Sender and Student In Hypnotic state
1	18	25
2	19	20
3	16	26
4	21	26
5	16	20
6	20	23
7	20	14
8	14	18
9	11	18
10	22	20
11	19	22
12	29	27
13	16	19
14	27	27
15	15	21
16	18.9	21.7