Chapter 13, Problem 8Q

A.

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “All of the energy produced is in the form of heat” is correct or incorrect.

Introduction: In the cellular respiration, with the help of oxygen, cells break down the glucose molecule into simpler forms. From the oxidation of glucose water, carbon dioxide is exhaled with some chemical energy in the form of ATP and small amount of heat.

B.

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “None of the produced energy is in the form of heat” is correct or incorrect.

Introduction: During the cellular respiration, nutrients are converted into biochemical energy in the form of ATP. This process leads to the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules. Glucose breaks down during respiration to form energy in the form of ATP. ATP acts as stored energy molecules that are utilized to drive energy requiring for the biosynthesis process.

C.

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The energy is produced by a process that involves the oxidation of carbon atoms” is correct or incorrect.

Introduction: Cellular respiration is one of the key mechanisms that take place in the cells of organisms for the purpose of cellular activity and excretion of waste products. Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration in which oxygen is consumed as a reactant to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

D.

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “The reaction supplies the cell with essential water” is correct or incorrect.

Introduction: Photosynthesis is a process in which the green plants and algae synthesize their nutrients. This process takes place in the chloroplast where chlorophyll molecules are present. The chloroplast contains the thylakoid membrane where the light reaction takes place. The end product of the light reaction is the formation of ATP and NADPH, which together helps in driving the Calvin cycle in the stroma of the chloroplast.

E.

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “In cells, the reaction takes place in more than one step” is correct or incorrect.

Introduction: Photosynthesis is a process by which carbon dioxide and water are used to produce glucose molecules using energy from sunlight. During this process, oxygen gas is evolved. Reactions of photosynthesis take place in the chloroplast of the plant cell that contains the green pigment chlorophyll.

F.

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “Many steps in the oxidation of sugar molecules involve in the reaction with oxygen gas.” is correct or incorrect.

Introduction: Glycolysis is a sugar splitting metabolic pathway that breaks down a six carbon glucose molecule into two or three carbon molecules called pyruvate. During this process, two adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules and two molecules of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) are produced.

G.

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “Some organisms carry out the reverse reaction.” is correct or incorrect.

Introduction: Plants are non-motile living beings that are capable of producing their own food by utilizing the sunlight and carbon dioxide.

H.

Summary Introduction

To examine: Whether the statement “Some cells that grow in the absence of O₂ produce CO₂.” is correct or incorrect.

Introduction: All living forms like plants, animals, and bacteria are composed of cells. The two basic types of cells are eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The organisms lacking nucleus in their cells are included in prokaryotes like bacteria and the organisms with a true nucleus in their cells are included in eukaryotes like plants and animals.