Chapter 13, Problem 39EAP

Refuting the Theory. Consider the following three hypothetical observations: (1) the discovery of a lone planet that is small and dense like a terrestrial planet but has a Jupiter-like orbit; (2) the discovery of a planetary system in which three terrestrial planets orbit ±e star beyond the orbital distance of two jovian planets; (3) the discovery that a majority of planetary systems have their jovian planets located nearer to their star than 1 AU and their terrestrial planets located beyond 5 AU. Each of these observations would challenge our current theory of solar system formation, but would any of them shake the very foundations of the theory? Explain clearly for each of the three hypothetical observations.