HOLE'S HUMAN ANAT.&PHYS. LL-W/LAB
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781265573317
Author: SHIER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 13, Problem 23CA
Summary Introduction
To analyze:
The structure and location of parathyroid gland.
Introduction:
Parathyroid gland secretes the parathyroid hormone that is the regulator of calcium homeostasis of the blood. The parathyroid glands are small in size and are found on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland. Typically, there are four of them, but the number may vary from person to person.
Pictorial representation:
(a) Location of parathyroid gland, (b) Structure of parathyroid gland.
Figure:(a) Location of parathyroid gland, (b) Cellular structure of parathyroid gland.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 13 Solutions
HOLE'S HUMAN ANAT.&PHYS. LL-W/LAB
Ch. 13 - Prob. 1PCh. 13 -
2 How do endocrine glands and exocrine glands...Ch. 13 - Prob. 3PCh. 13 - Prob. 4PCh. 13 - Prob. 5PCh. 13 - Prob. 6PCh. 13 - Prob. 7PCh. 13 - Prob. 8PCh. 13 - Prob. 9PCh. 13 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 13 - Prob. 11PCh. 13 - Prob. 12PCh. 13 - Prob. 13PCh. 13 - Prob. 14PCh. 13 - Prob. 15PCh. 13 - Prob. 16PCh. 13 - Prob. 17PCh. 13 - Prob. 18PCh. 13 - Prob. 19PCh. 13 - Prob. 20PCh. 13 - Prob. 21PCh. 13 - Prob. 22PCh. 13 - What effects does oxytocin produce in females?Ch. 13 - Prob. 24PCh. 13 - Prob. 25PCh. 13 - Prob. 26PCh. 13 - Prob. 27PCh. 13 - Prob. 28PCh. 13 - Prob. 29PCh. 13 -
30 How does the negative feedback system of the...Ch. 13 - Prob. 31PCh. 13 - Prob. 32PCh. 13 - Prob. 33PCh. 13 - Prob. 34PCh. 13 - Prob. 35PCh. 13 - Prob. 36PCh. 13 - Prob. 37PCh. 13 - How are blood concentrations of aldosterone and...Ch. 13 - Prob. 39PCh. 13 - Prob. 40PCh. 13 - Prob. 41PCh. 13 - Prob. 42PCh. 13 - Prob. 43PCh. 13 - Prob. 44PCh. 13 - Prob. 45PCh. 13 - Prob. 46PCh. 13 - Prob. 47PCh. 13 - Distinguish between physical stress and...Ch. 13 - Prob. 49PCh. 13 - Prob. 50PCh. 13 - Prob. 51PCh. 13 - Prob. 1CACh. 13 - Prob. 2CACh. 13 - Prob. 3CACh. 13 - Explain how hormones can be grouped on the basis...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5CACh. 13 - List the steps of the action of most nonsteroid...Ch. 13 - Prob. 7CACh. 13 - Prob. 8CACh. 13 - Prob. 9CACh. 13 - Prob. 10CACh. 13 - Prob. 11CACh. 13 - Prob. 12CACh. 13 - Prob. 13CACh. 13 - Prob. 14CACh. 13 - Prob. 15CACh. 13 - Prob. 16CACh. 13 - Prob. 17CACh. 13 - Prob. 18CACh. 13 - Prob. 19CACh. 13 - Prob. 20CACh. 13 - Prob. 21CACh. 13 - Prob. 22CACh. 13 - Prob. 23CACh. 13 - Prob. 24CACh. 13 - Prob. 25CACh. 13 - Prob. 26CACh. 13 - Prob. 27CACh. 13 - Prob. 28CACh. 13 - Prob. 29CACh. 13 - Prob. 30CACh. 13 - Prob. 31CACh. 13 - Prob. 32CACh. 13 - Prob. 33CACh. 13 - Prob. 34CACh. 13 - Prob. 35CACh. 13 - Prob. 36CACh. 13 - Prob. 37CACh. 13 - Describe hormonal and nervous responses to stress....Ch. 13 - Prob. 39CACh. 13 - Prob. 1IACh. 13 - Prob. 2IACh. 13 - Prob. 3IACh. 13 - Growth hormone is administered to people who have...Ch. 13 - Prob. 5IACh. 13 - Prob. 6IACh. 13 - Prob. 7IA
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