Concept explainers
A mutation removes a single base pair within the coding sequence of a gene and inactivates the protein encoded by the gene. Such a mutation is
- a silent mutation.
- a missense mutation.
- a nonsense mutation.
- a frameshift mutation.
- both b and c.
Introduction:
The mutation can be described as a condition in which the nucleotide sequence of the DNA is altered. Even a single change in nucleotide may result in many consequences.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Option (d).
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for Correct Answer:
Option (d) frameshift mutation. The frameshift mutation occurs due to a deletion or insertion of nucleotide, which is not a multiple of 3. It causes the shifting of the entire reading frame of DNA sequence, which is the reason it is named so. Sometimes, frameshift mutation may cause deletion of a nucleotide and resulting in a premature presence of stop codon and terminate the sequence prior resulting in short polypeptide or inactivation of the gene product. Hence, it is the correct answer.
Explanation for the incorrect answer:
Option (a) silent mutation. The silent mutation results in the change of nucleotide but does not affect the amino acid or protein formed by that. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.
Option (b) missense mutation. The missense mutation is a mutation that results in the change of nucleotide and replaces the amino acid in the protein sequence, but the length of the sequence remains unaffected. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.
Option (c) nonsense mutation. The non-sense mutations can be described as point mutation which results in the occurrence of a premature stop codon due to the replacement of a nucleotide. In this mutation, the presence of stop codon before the end of the sequence result in early termination of the amino acid formation and result in shorter polypeptide. Hence, it is an incorrect answer.
Option (e) both (b) and (c). As both the option (b) and (c)are incorrect answers, this is also an incorrect option.
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Chapter 13 Solutions
Principles of Biology
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- Induced mutation are characterized by: Select the correct response: Exposure to free radicals that has been deposited in the aqueous phase and diffuses towards the cell that is followed by the inhibition of its replication or transcription, or may cause deletion. Physical and chemical agents that results in the transition, transversion, and framshift mutations of bases and other structural units that affects the overall function of a nucleic acid. Physical and chemical agents that results in the alteration of the electoronic characteristics of the bases and other structural units that affects the overall function of a nucleic acid. Point mutations that results in the transition, transversion, and framshift mutations of bases and other structural units that affects the overall function of a nucleic acid. Physical and chemical agents that results in the alteration base pairing where tautomers are formed affects the overall function of a nucleic acid.arrow_forwardName three different types of loss of function mutations and in each case explain how the mutation exerts a loss of function effect on a genearrow_forwardWhich of the following mutations would likely have the greatest negative impact on the protein product of a gene? Group of answer choices a single base deletion close to the end of the coding region of a gene a single base insertion just after the start of the coding region of the gene a deletion of three bases near the middle of the gene a base-pair substitutionarrow_forward
- nonsense mutations add a stop codon, which stops translation at the site of the mutation. This makes the protein shorter for the wild type. true or falsearrow_forwardThe code for a fully functional protein is actually coming from an mRNA transcript that has undergone post transcriptional processing which is essentially way too different from the original code in the DNA template. Given: Cytosine; a Protein with known amino acid sequence Requirement: Original DNA code (itemize the steps you would take to get to know the original DNA code of Cytosine in focus)arrow_forwardhelparrow_forward
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