Essentials of Economics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781464186653
Author: Paul Krugman, Robin Wells
Publisher: Worth Publishers
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 13, Problem 1P
To determine
To determine: The GDP as the value added production, as spending on final goods and services and as factor income.
Concept Introduction:
Expert Solution & Answer
Explanation of Solution
a. GDP as the Value added in production.
The value addition can be calculated by the value of input from the value of output, in the given case the value addition can be calculated by summing up the value addition to the pizza company, bread company and the cheese company.
Formula to calculate value addition:
Value addition to bread company is $50
Value addition to cheese company is $35
Value addition to pizza company is $115
Substitute $50 for value addition to bread company, $35 for value addition to cheese company, and $115 for value addition to pizza company.
Therefore, GDP by value addition will be $200.
Conclusion:
Thus, GDP by value addition will be $200.
b. GDP as spending on final goods and services.
For the calculation of spending on final goods and services, only the output of pizza company is to be calculated because the output produced by other two companies will be the input for pizza company. Therefore, GDP as spending on final goods and services will be $200.
Conclusion:
Thus, GDP as spending on final goods and services will be $200.
c. GDP as factor income.
To calculate GDP as factor income, the factor income of all the three companies are needed to be calculated. In the given cases, factor income of all three companies is the sum of the wages and their profits.
Formula to calculate GDP as factor income:
Factor income of bread company is $50
Factor income of cheese company is $35
Factor income of pizza company is $115
Substitute $50 for factor income of bread company, $35 for factor income of cheese company and $115 for factor income of pizza company:
Conclusion:
Thus, GDP as factor income is $200.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
provide source where information was retrieved
NAME OF SCHOOL: Florida Polytechnical college
ADDRESS:
PRIVATE OR PUBLIC:
ENTRY REQUIREMENTS - GPA, SAT/ ACT SCORES:
IN STATE TUITION COST:
DORMITORY COST:
OFF CAMPUS HOUSING OPTIONS: AVERAGE MONTHLY RENT FOR A ROOM in the area:
MEAL PLAN: Do they have them? Are they mandatory for freshmen? How much $:
CAMPUS SIZE: (don't put acres - is it a small, medium, or large campus?)
TEACHER STUDENT RATIO/CLASS SIZE:
NUMBER OF UNDERGRADUATE (freshmen, soph, junior, seniors) STUDENTS ON CAMPUS:
FINANCIAL AID/SCHOLARSHIPS OPPORTUNITIES:
ACCEPTANCE RATE:
GRADUATION RATE:
ONLINE OPTION?
BUSINESS DEGREES: (list them)
ACADEMIC SUPPORT - TUTORING:
JOB PLACEMENT/CAREER SERVICES: what % of students get lined up with jobs right out of college with the school's help?
INTERNSHIP OPPORTUNITIES: Paid? Unpaid?
STUDY ABROAD PROGRAMS: Do they exist? How much $?
SPORTS: Competitive - D1, D2, D3, etc? Intramural? (non-competitive sports opportunities)
CLUBS: How many?…
Explain the following:
How is 4 to 5 a 22% increase?
How is 100 to 80 a 22% decrease?
Not pictured: How is 100 to 90 a 11% decrease?
How is 100 to 50 a 67% decrease?
Without Trade
Production
Consumption
With Trade
Production
Everglades
Denali
Shorts
(Millions of
Almonds
Shorts
Almonds
pairs)
(Millions of
pounds)
(Millions of
pairs)
(Millions of
pounds)
12
16
5
30
12
16
5
30
64
0
0
20
Trade action
Imports 13 ▼
Exports 39▾
Imports 13 ▼ Exports 39
Consumption
Gains from Trade
Increase in
Consumption
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Practice: Their labor forces are each capable of supplying four million hours per week that can be used to produce shorts, almonds, or some combination of the two. Country Shorts Almonds (Pairs per hour of labor) (Pounds per hour of labor) Everglades 4 16 Denali 5 10 Suppose that initially Denali uses 1 million hours of labor per week to produce shorts and 3 million hours per week to produce almonds, while Everglades uses 3 million hours of labor per week to produce shorts and 1 million hours per week to produce almonds. As a result, Everglades produces 12 million pairs of shorts and 16 million pounds of almonds, and Denali produces 5 million pairs of shorts and 30 million pounds of almonds. Assume there are no other countries willing to engage in trade, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of shorts and almonds it produces. Everglades's opportunity cost of producing 1 pair of shorts is4 pounds of…arrow_forwardQuestion #1. The Governor's budget Announcement from Decenbrer 2024. Review proposed resources for understanding the Governo's proposed FY25 Budget, provide a reflection focusing on initial thoughts and feeling on the prpposed budget for the state. Please provide APA citiatiion?arrow_forward#3. The Governor's Budget Announcement from December 2024. Review proposed resources for understanding the Governo's proposed FY25 Budget. Does the Governor's proposed budget impact the current Welfare State, Why or Why not?arrow_forward
- 3. Which is faster, red or green cars? You are a purchasing manager at a large car dealership in a busy urban area. You purchase on average 250 cars monthly for the dealership. People are buying new and used cars from your dealership regularly, and business is doing well. Most of your customers are average middle-income households, and they typically purchase bigger cars that are pricey. Your boss, Natalya, invited you for lunch to discuss the next big purchase in preparation for the big Summer sales event. While chatting about the business, Natalya told you the following: "While surfing social media today, I read a government report that says the economy is growing and inflation is rising. As the economy continues to grow due to an increase in consumption by consumers, the prices are expected to rise to a higher level than usual. The report also said that the increase in consumption has caused a shortage in the auto industry, which I think might be good for us (or bad, I don’t know.)…arrow_forward1. Homemade Lasagna and the Pursuit for Knowledge Your sister, Jamila, a newly appointed human resource manager at a fast-growing assisted living facility, was sitting with you at the dinner table. While you were enjoying a homemade Lasagna and watching TV together, a news report stated that "According to government officials, we are now headed into a recession that could last up to 10 months. The decline in economic activities is expected to affect all major industries." Your sister raised her eyebrows and showed an expression of confusion as she looked at you and stated, "Oh dear, what should I do now as an HR manager? My company is opening a large facility in a couple of months, and we need at least 60 people to run it. I oversee finding those people, but now I am afraid of doing so because it looks like the economy is in trouble. So, dear brother, help me understand a couple of things:" First, what on earth is a “recession”, and how does it affect the economy? Do things become…arrow_forwardConsider the simple discrete job search model that we studied in class. Only the unemployed can receive one offer per period from F(w) that is a uniform distribution on [0,2]. There is a constant probability of being laid off at the end of each period while employed. Assume that she can get a new offer right away when laid off. We want to understand the reservation wage, WR, in this model. Assume that u(c) = c. The parameters are a discount factor ẞ and an unemployment benefit b.R and show that T is contraction on [0, ∞). Explicitly state any additional assumptions that you may need.(Grading guide line: 5pt for the exact form of T, 10pt for showing contraction, and 5pt for stating correct assumptions.)< (b) Discuss why (a) is useful to understand the reservation wage wд in this economy.< (c) We write WR = WR (b,ẞ,λ) to reveal its dependence on (b,ẞ,λ). Show that 0 ≤ aWR дь OWR дл ≤1 and ≥0. What about ? awR ав State any additional assumptions that you may need.< (d) Briefly explain the…arrow_forward
- 3. Consider the market for paper. The process of producing paper creates pollution. Assume that the marginal damage function for pollution is given by: MDF = 3E where damages are measured in dollars and E is the level of emissions. Assume further that the function describing the marginal abatement cost of emissions is given by MAC 120-E where benefits are measured in dollars and E is the level of emissions. a. Graph the marginal damage function (MDF) and the marginal abatement cost function (MAC). b. What is the unregulated level of emissions Eu? What is the social welfare of this emissions level? c. Assume an existing emission quota limits emissions to E = 60. Show on the graph why this policy is inefficient. What is the deadweight loss caused by this policy?arrow_forwardshow written calculation for Barrow_forwardProblem 1: 1. If a stock is expected to pay an annual dividend of $20 forever, what is the approximate present value of the stock, given that the discount rate is 5%? 2. If a stock is expected to pay an annual dividend of $20 forever, what is the approximate present value of the stock, given that the discount rate is 8%? 3. If a stock is expected to pay an annual dividend of $20 this year, what is the approximate present value of the stock, given that the discount rate is 8% and dividends are expected to grow at a rate of 2% per year?arrow_forward
- d-farrow_forwardG please!arrow_forward4. Consider two polluting firms, with the marginal abatement costs of polluters 1 and 2, respectively, equal to MAC₁ = 20-E1 MAC2 = 12-E2 a. What is the unregulated level of pollution for each firm? b. Assume policymakers have decided to cut the level of pollution in half. The way they intend to accomplish this goal is to require both firms to cut their pollution in half. What are the total costs of abatement from the policy? And how are these costs distributed between the firms? c. Is this uniform quota on emissions across firms the most cost-effective manner in which to reduce emissions by 50%?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Economics (12th Edition)EconomicsISBN:9780134078779Author:Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. OsterPublisher:PEARSON
Engineering Economy (17th Edition)EconomicsISBN:9780134870069Author:William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, C. Patrick KoellingPublisher:PEARSON
Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781305585126Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Economics: A Problem Solving ApproachEconomicsISBN:9781337106665Author:Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike ShorPublisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Economics & Business Strategy (Mcgraw-...EconomicsISBN:9781259290619Author:Michael Baye, Jeff PrincePublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Principles of Economics (12th Edition)
Economics
ISBN:9780134078779
Author:Karl E. Case, Ray C. Fair, Sharon E. Oster
Publisher:PEARSON
Engineering Economy (17th Edition)
Economics
ISBN:9780134870069
Author:William G. Sullivan, Elin M. Wicks, C. Patrick Koelling
Publisher:PEARSON
Principles of Economics (MindTap Course List)
Economics
ISBN:9781305585126
Author:N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Economics: A Problem Solving Approach
Economics
ISBN:9781337106665
Author:Luke M. Froeb, Brian T. McCann, Michael R. Ward, Mike Shor
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Managerial Economics & Business Strategy (Mcgraw-...
Economics
ISBN:9781259290619
Author:Michael Baye, Jeff Prince
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education