Economics: Principles & Policy
Economics: Principles & Policy
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337696326
Author: William J. Baumol; Alan S. Blinder; John L. Solow
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 13, Problem 1DQ
To determine

The firms under oligopoly, monopolistic competition, and perfect competition.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

Oligopoly refers to a market structure in which a small number of interdependent firms compete. Some of the examples of oligopoly market are petroleum, chemicals, aircrafts and tires, cigarettes, beer, wireless service, steel, and so on.

Monopolistic competition is a type of imperfect market situation that has a relatively large number of buyers and sellers in the market, differentiated products, some control over the market price, and a few barriers to entry and exit. Groceries, shoe makers, restaurants, bicycle shops, laundries, novelty stores, and so on are examples of monopolistic competition.

Perfect competition is a market condition where a very large number of buyers and sellers exist, and the seller sells homogenous products with perfect knowledge. Farming and corporate stocks and bond sales are the examples of perfect competition. Generally, the perfect competition market is very rare to find because almost all the market structures in a practical situation have at least one different characteristic.

Economics Concept Introduction

Oligopoly: Oligopoly refers to a market structure in which a small number of interdependent firms compete.

Monopolistic competition: Monopolistic competition is a type of imperfect market situation that has a relatively large number of buyers and sellers in the market, differentiated products, some control over the market price, and a few barriers to entry and exit.

Perfect competition: Perfect competition is a market condition where a very large number of buyers and sellers exist, and the seller sells homogenous products with perfect knowledge.

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4. Consider two polluting firms, with the marginal abatement costs of polluters 1 and 2, respectively, equal to MAC₁ = 20-E1 MAC2 = 12-E2 a. What is the unregulated level of pollution for each firm? b. Assume policymakers have decided to cut the level of pollution in half. The way they intend to accomplish this goal is to require both firms to cut their pollution in half. What are the total costs of abatement from the policy? And how are these costs distributed between the firms? c. Is this uniform quota on emissions across firms the most cost-effective manner in which to reduce emissions by 50%?
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