Chapter 13, Problem 13.14P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound should be written.

Concept Introduction:

For benzene derivatives the major functional group gets priority and the other functional groups become substituents.

The name of the given compound is 4-Chloronitrobenzene.

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are nitro and chloro. Out of them, nitro gets priority over chloro and thus the name is 4-chloronitrobenzene as the chloro is at $\text{C}-4$ position with respect to nitro group. The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between chloro and nitro functional group the later has three electronegative atoms namely two oxygen and one nitrogen unlike in chloro where there is one electronegative atom which is chlorine. Thus the name of the given compound is 4-chloronitrobenzene.

Explanation of Solution

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are nitro and chloro. Out of them, nitro gets priority over chloro and thus the name is 4-chloronitrobenzene as the chloro is at $\text{C}-4$ position with respect to nitro group. The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between chloro and nitro functional group the later has three electronegative atoms namely two oxygen and one nitrogen unlike in chloro where there is one electronegative atom which is chlorine. Thus the name of the given compound is 4-chloronitrobenzene.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound must be written.

Concept Introduction:

For benzene derivatives the major functional group gets priority and the other functional groups become substituents.

The name of the given compound is 2-bromotoluene.

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are methyl and bromo. Out of them methyl gets priority over bromo and thus the name is 2-bromotoluene as the bromo is at $\text{C}-2$ position with respect to methyl group. Methylbenzene is known as toluene.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between methyl and bromo, bromo is the substituent as all the haloalkanes are named as substituted alkane.

Explanation of Solution

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are methyl and bromo. Out of them methyl gets priority over bromo and thus the name is 2-bromotoluene as the bromo is at $\text{C}-2$ position with respect to methyl group. Methylbenzene is known as toluene.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between methyl and bromo, bromo is the substituent as all the haloalkanes are named as substituted alkane.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound must be written.

Concept Introduction:

For benzene derivatives the major functional group gets priority and the other functional groups become substituents.

The name of the given compound is 1-chloro-3-phenylpropane.

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are chloro and phenyl at position $1\&3$ respectively. Out of them chloro gets priority over phenyl and thus the name is 1-chloro-3-phenylpropane.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between chloro and phenyl chloro gets priority over phenyl due to alphabetical order and both of chloro and phenyl are the substituents. All the haloalkanes are named as substituted alkanes.

Explanation of Solution

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are chloro and phenyl at position $1\&3$ respectively. Out of them chloro gets priority over phenyl and thus the name is 1-chloro-3-phenylpropane.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between chloro and phenyl chloro gets priority over phenyl due to alphabetical order and both of chloro and phenyl are the substituents. All the haloalkanes are named as substituted alkanes.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound must be written.

Concept Introduction:

For benzene derivatives the major functional group gets priority and the other functional groups become substituents.

The name of the given compound is 2-bromo-2-phenylbutane.

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are bromo and phenyl at position $2$. Out of them bromo gets priority over phenyl and thus the name is 2-bromo-2-phenylbutane.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between bromo and phenyl bromo gets priority over phenyl due to alphabetical order and both of bromo and phenyl are the substituents. All the haloalkanes are named as substituted alkanes.

Explanation of Solution

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are bromo and phenyl at position $2$. Out of them bromo gets priority over phenyl and thus the name is 2-bromo-2-phenylbutane.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between bromo and phenyl bromo gets priority over phenyl due to alphabetical order and both of bromo and phenyl are the substituents. All the haloalkanes are named as substituted alkanes.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound must be written.

Concept Introduction:

For benzene derivatives the major functional group gets priority and the other functional groups become substituents.

The name of the given compound is 2-nitroaniline.

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are nitro and amino at position $2$. Out of them amino gets priority over nitro and thus the name is 2-nitroaniline where aniline is aminobenzene. Out of nitro and amine, amine gets priority over nitro due to alphabetical order. Now aminobenzene is known as aniline which acts as main functional group and nitro is the substituent. Thus the name of the given compound is 2-nitroaniline.

Explanation of Solution

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are nitro and amino at position $2$. Out of them amino gets priority over nitro and thus the name is 2-nitroaniline where aniline is aminobenzene. Out of nitro and amine, amine gets priority over nitro due to alphabetical order. Now aminobenzene is known as aniline which acts as main functional group and nitro is the substituent. Thus the name of the given compound is 2-nitroaniline.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound must be written.

Concept Introduction:

For benzene derivatives the major functional group gets priority and the other functional groups become substituents.

The name of the given compound is 2-phenylphenol.

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are hydroxyl and phenyl at position $2$. Out of them hydroxyl gets priority over phenyl and thus the name is 2-phenylphenol where phenol is hydroxybenzene.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group.

Phenyl is an aryl substituent where as phenolic hydroxyl group is a functional group. Thus hydroxybenzene is the functional group with phenyl as substituent. Thus the name is 2-phenylphenol.

Explanation of Solution

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are hydroxyl and phenyl at position $2$. Out of them hydroxyl gets priority over phenyl and thus the name is 2-phenylphenol where phenol is hydroxybenzene.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group.

Phenyl is an aryl substituent where as phenolic hydroxyl group is a functional group. Thus hydroxybenzene is the functional group with phenyl as substituent. Thus the name is 2-phenylphenol.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound must be written.

Concept Introduction:

For benzene derivatives the major functional group gets priority and the other functional groups become substituents.

The name of the given compound is trans stilbene.

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are phenyl at position $1\&2$ in the ethylenic system. The two phenyl groups are diagonal i.e at trans position.

Thus the name is trans stilbene.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group.

Alkene functional group gets priority over phenyl substituents and thus name is trans stilbene.

Explanation of Solution

   

In the given structure there are two substituents. Those are phenyl at position $1\&2$ in the ethylenic system. The two phenyl groups are diagonal i.e at trans position.

Thus the name is trans stilbene.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group.

Alkene functional group gets priority over phenyl substituents and thus name is trans stilbene.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation:

The name of the given compound must be written.

Concept Introduction:

For benzene derivatives the major functional group gets priority and the other functional groups become substituents.

The name of the given compound is 2, 4-dichlorotoluene.

   

In the given structure there are two chloro substituents with respect to methyl group. Those are at position $2\&4$. Methylbenzene is known as toluene.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between chloro and methyl chloro gets priority over methyl due to alphabetical order. All the haloalkanes are named as substituted alkanes. Thus the name is2, 4-dichlorotoluene.

Explanation of Solution

   

In the given structure there are two chloro substituents with respect to methyl group. Those are at position $2\&4$. Methylbenzene is known as toluene.

The priority order of different functional groups as per IUPAC nomenclature comes from the consideration of number of electronegative atoms in the functional group. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the priority of the functional group. Between chloro and methyl chloro gets priority over methyl due to alphabetical order. All the haloalkanes are named as substituted alkanes. Thus the name is2, 4-dichlorotoluene.