BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 12.6, Problem 1LO
Describe how assumptions in Mendel’s model result in oversimplification.
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Mendel's concept of dominance states that in a genotype where two different alleles of a locus are present, only the trait encoded by the dominant allele is observed. Give a molecular explanation for dominance, i.e. explain intracellular molecular events that can result in what we observe as dominance on a phenotypic level. Use the gene that encodes seed shape in peas as an example, where roun(R) is dominant over wrinkled(r), to explain how RR and Rr plants can have the same phenotype.
Explain how each of the following produces phenotypic ratios other than those Mendel observed: incomplete dominance, codominance, pleiotropy, epistasis.
A woman with fair skin, blond hair, and blue eyes gives birth to fraternal twins; the father has dark brown skin, dark hair, and brown eyes. One twin has blond hair, brown eyes, and light skin, and the other has dark hair, brown eyes, and dark skin. What Mendelian law does this real-life case illustrate and explain what this means in terms of the inherited alleles for these genes?
Chapter 12 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 12.1 - Explain the advantages of Mendels experimental...Ch. 12.2 - Evaluate the outcome of a monohybrid cross.Ch. 12.2 - Explain Mendels Principle of Segregation.Ch. 12.2 - Compare the segregation of alleles with the...Ch. 12.3 - Evaluate the outcome of a dihybrid cross.Ch. 12.3 - Explain Mendels Principle of Independent...Ch. 12.3 - Compare the segregation of alleles for different...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 12.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 12.5 - Interpret data from testcrosses to infer unknown...Ch. 12.6 - Describe how assumptions in Mendels model result...Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 12.6 - Explain the genetic basis for observed alterations...Ch. 12 - Inquiry question What confounding problems could...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2IQCh. 12 - Prob. 1DACh. 12 - Prob. 2DACh. 12 - Prob. 3DACh. 12 - What property distinguished Mendels investigation...Ch. 12 - The F1 generation of the monohybrid cross purple...Ch. 12 - The F1 plants from the previous question are...Ch. 12 - In a cross of Aa Bb cc X Aa Bb Cc, what is the...Ch. 12 - An organisms __________ is/are determined by its...Ch. 12 - Phenotypes like height in humans, which show a...Ch. 12 - Japanese four oclocks that are red and tall are...Ch. 12 - If the two genes in the previous question showed...Ch. 12 - What is the probability of obtaining an individual...Ch. 12 - Prob. 4ACh. 12 - Prob. 5ACh. 12 - Mendels model assumes that each trait is...Ch. 12 - z1. Create a Punnett square for the following...Ch. 12 - Explain how the events of meiosis can explain both...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3SCh. 12 - In mammals, a variety of genes affect coat color....
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Mendel's second postulate states: When two different unit factors responsible for a characteristic are found in the same organism, one will dominate and determine the characteristic type. Explain this postulate using modern genetic terms. Be sure to include the following terms in your explanation: dominant, recessive, allele, phenotype, genotype.arrow_forwardIn his famous paper, Mendel writes that he set out to“determine the number of different forms in whichhybrid progeny appear” and to “ascertain their numericalinterrelationships.” How did his close attention tonumbers lead him to discover segregation and independentassortment?arrow_forwardWhat does Mendel’s law ofsegregation tell us about chromosomalinheritance?arrow_forward
- Which of the following statements is true about the molecular basis of Mendel's second law? OThe random attachment of the sister chromatids and the split of them into different daughter cells during the second round of cell division in Meiosis ensure Mendel's second law of independent assortment of alleles. OThe random attachment of the sister chromatids and the split of them into different daughter cells during the first round of cell division in Meiosis ensure Mendel's 2nd law. O The molecular basis of independent assortment of alleles is the segregation of sister chromatids during the second round of cell division in Meiosis. O The molecular basis of independent assortment of alleles is the segregation of homologous chromosomes during the second round of cell division in Meiosis. O The molecular basis of independent assortment of alleles is the segregation of homologous chromosomes during the first round of cell division in Meiosis.arrow_forwardWhat assumptions are required for Mendelian inheritance?arrow_forwardMendelian Genetics Consider blue eyes in a man as recessive to brown eyes. Show the expected children of a marriage between a blue-eyed woman and brown-eyed man who had a blue-eyed mother. Determine the genotypic ratio (GR) and phenotypic ratio (PR) of the F1 using Punnett Square Method. Hint: Determine the genotypes of each individual first.arrow_forward
- Describe extensions of Mendelian Analysisarrow_forwardIn the results that Mendel obtained, the violet colored flower was dominant to the white flower (which was recessive). What do these terms (dominant and recessive) mean?arrow_forwardWhen Gregor Mendel was working in the mid 1800s, scientists had not yet discovered chromosomes or meiosis. However, we now understand how Mendel's principles are rooted in the events of meiosis. As an example of this, state Mendel's principle of independent assortment and explain how it relates to independent assortment in meiosis.arrow_forward
- A dihybrid cross is performed between two heterozygous individuals (heterozygous for two traits). The resulting offspring had 62 individuals that were dominant for trait 1 and 2 (D/D), 7 individuals that were R/R, 21 individuals that were R/D, and 25 individuals that were D/R. Using Mendelian inheritance as the null hypothesis, use χ2 analysis to determine if the trait follows Mendelian inheritance. A. How many D/D phenotype offspring are expected? B. How many R/D phenotype offspring are expected? C. How many degrees of freedom are there? D. What is your calculated χ2 value? E. What is the critical value if using a probability of 0.05? F. Does the trait follow Mendelian inheritance?arrow_forwardAccording to Mendel’s second law, in the crossing between homozygous individuals concerning two pairs of nonlinked alleles, AABB x aaBB, what are the genotypical and phenotypical proportions in F1 and F2?arrow_forwardIn Mendel's experiments, he obtained the following results: Which phenotypes can be said to be dominant?arrow_forward
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