(a) Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted. Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn , H 2 O , oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents, aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn , H 2 O .

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12.10, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents, aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

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The representation of a one-dimensional velocity distribution function for a gas, as the temperature increases:a) it becomes more flattenedb) the maximum occurs for vi = 0 m/sExplain it.

The velocity distribution function of gas moleculesa) is used to measure their velocity, since the small size of gas molecules means that it cannot be measured in any other wayb) is only used to describe the velocity of particles if their density is very high.c) describes the probability that a gas particle has a velocity in a given interval of velocities

Explain why in the representation of a one-dimensional velocity distribution function for a particular gas, the maximum occurs for vi = 0 m/s.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12.10, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents, aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12.10, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents, aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12.10, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents, aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

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Answer 5

Chapter 12.10, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents, aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Answer 6

Chapter 12.10, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents, aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Answer 7

Chapter 12.10, Problem 20P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents, aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: The alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is to be predicted.

Concept introduction: In presence of ozone and Zn,H2O, oxidative cleavage occurs. In oxidative cleavage both the sigma and pi bond of the alkene is broken and two carbonyl compounds are formed. Depending upon alkyl substituents aldehyde or ketone is formed. When ozone is added to the alkene, unstable intermediate molozonide is formed which rearranges to ozonide. This ozonide is reduced to form two carbonyl compounds in presence of Zn,H2O.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1P Ch. 12.3 - Problem 12.2 What alkane is formed when each...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 3P Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 4P Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 12.3 - Compound Molecular formula before...Ch. 12.4 - Problem 12.8 Draw the products formed when...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 9P Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the alkene which yields the given oxidative cleavage products is shown in Figure 2.

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