To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by lithium aluminum hydride. Concept introduction: Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C = O of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols. LiAlH 4 is a reducing agent which can reduce up to alcohol only. It can't reduce any compounds to alkanes. It is more reactive than sodium borohydride.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by lithium aluminum hydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

LiAlH4 is a reducing agent which can reduce up to alcohol only. It can't reduce any compounds to alkanes. It is more reactive than sodium borohydride.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by sodium borohydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O , of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

Sodium borohydride is comparatively less reactive in comparison to lithium aluminum hydride. It easily reduces aldehydes and ketones and converts them into alcohols effectively. Acids, nitriles, esters, and amides are mostly unaffected. When interacting with halides and epoxides, it can also act as a nucleophile.

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by lithium aluminum hydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

LiAlH4 is a reducing agent which can reduce up to alcohol only. It can't reduce any compounds to alkanes. It is more reactive than sodium borohydride.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by sodium borohydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O , of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

Sodium borohydride is comparatively less reactive in comparison to lithium aluminum hydride. It easily reduces aldehydes and ketones and converts them into alcohols effectively. Acids, nitriles, esters, and amides are mostly unaffected. When interacting with halides and epoxides, it can also act as a nucleophile.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by lithium aluminum hydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

LiAlH4 is a reducing agent which can reduce up to alcohol only. It can't reduce any compounds to alkanes. It is more reactive than sodium borohydride.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by sodium borohydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O , of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

Sodium borohydride is comparatively less reactive in comparison to lithium aluminum hydride. It easily reduces aldehydes and ketones and converts them into alcohols effectively. Acids, nitriles, esters, and amides are mostly unaffected. When interacting with halides and epoxides, it can also act as a nucleophile.

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 12, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by lithium aluminum hydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

LiAlH4 is a reducing agent which can reduce up to alcohol only. It can't reduce any compounds to alkanes. It is more reactive than sodium borohydride.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by sodium borohydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O , of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

Sodium borohydride is comparatively less reactive in comparison to lithium aluminum hydride. It easily reduces aldehydes and ketones and converts them into alcohols effectively. Acids, nitriles, esters, and amides are mostly unaffected. When interacting with halides and epoxides, it can also act as a nucleophile.

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Answer 5

Chapter 12, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by lithium aluminum hydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

LiAlH4 is a reducing agent which can reduce up to alcohol only. It can't reduce any compounds to alkanes. It is more reactive than sodium borohydride.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by sodium borohydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O , of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

Sodium borohydride is comparatively less reactive in comparison to lithium aluminum hydride. It easily reduces aldehydes and ketones and converts them into alcohols effectively. Acids, nitriles, esters, and amides are mostly unaffected. When interacting with halides and epoxides, it can also act as a nucleophile.

Answer 6

Chapter 12, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by lithium aluminum hydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

LiAlH4 is a reducing agent which can reduce up to alcohol only. It can't reduce any compounds to alkanes. It is more reactive than sodium borohydride.

Answer 7

Chapter 12, Problem 44PP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by lithium aluminum hydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

LiAlH4 is a reducing agent which can reduce up to alcohol only. It can't reduce any compounds to alkanes. It is more reactive than sodium borohydride.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by sodium borohydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O , of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

Sodium borohydride is comparatively less reactive in comparison to lithium aluminum hydride. It easily reduces aldehydes and ketones and converts them into alcohols effectively. Acids, nitriles, esters, and amides are mostly unaffected. When interacting with halides and epoxides, it can also act as a nucleophile.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To find the product and mechanism of the reactions by sodium borohydride.

Concept introduction:

Hydride reacts with the carbonyl group, C=O , of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

Sodium borohydride is comparatively less reactive in comparison to lithium aluminum hydride. It easily reduces aldehydes and ketones and converts them into alcohols effectively. Acids, nitriles, esters, and amides are mostly unaffected. When interacting with halides and epoxides, it can also act as a nucleophile.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2ATS Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 3CC Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 8CC Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 9CC Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 3LTS Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 10PTS Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 11ATS

Solution Summary: The author explains that lithium aluminum hydride reacts with the carbonyl group of aldehydes or ketones to give alcohols.

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