Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305176461
Author: Kotz
Publisher: Cengage
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Textbook Question
Chapter 12, Problem 42GQ
Vanadium metal has a density of 6.11 g/cm3. Assuming the vanadium atomic radius is 132 pm, is the vanadium unit cell primitive cubic, body-centered cubic, or face-centered cubic?
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Complete the following table. The only density needed is already given. Show your
calculations in a neat and easy-to-follow manner in the space below the table. All units
should be included and significant figures should be given close attention. Be sure to notice
that the amount of material should be in millimoles rather than moles, and the theoretical
mass of the product should in milligrams rather than grams.
LOCH 3
+
H2SO4
HNO 3
O=C-OCH 3
NO2
x
H₂O
F.W.
4.0 mL 1.3 M
amount
0.50 mL
in H2SO4
mg Theoretical
Theoretical
mmoles
density
1.09
Kumada Coupling:
1. m-Diisobutylbenzene below could hypothetically be synthesized by Friedel-Crafts reaction. Write out the reaction with a
mechanism and give two reasons why you would NOT get the desired product.
Draw the reaction (NOT a mechanism) for a Kumada coupling to produce the molecule above from m-dichlorobenzene.
Calculate the theoretical yield for the reaction in question 2 using 1.5 g of p-dichlorobenzene and 3.0 mL isobutyl bromide.
What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What
other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?
Wintergreen from Aspirin:
1. In isolating the salicylic acid, why is it important to press out as much of the water as possible?
2. Write the mechanism of the esterification reaction you did.
3.
What characteristic absorption band changes would you expect in the IR spectrum on going from aspirin to salicyclic acid and
then to methyl salicylate as you did in the experiment today? Give approximate wavenumbers associated with each functional
group change.
What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What
other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?
Chapter 12 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Ch. 12.1 - (a) Determining an Atom Radius from Lattice...Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 2RCCh. 12.2 - If an ionic solid has an fcc lattice of anions (X)...Ch. 12.2 - Potassium chloride has the same unit cell as NaCl....Ch. 12.2 - 1. The unit cell of silicon carbide. SiC is...Ch. 12.2 - If one edge of the silicon carbide unit cell is...Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 1QCh. 12.2 - Describe the unit cell of lithium (see Figure).Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 3Q
Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 4QCh. 12.3 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 2RCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 3RCCh. 12.4 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.5 - Prob. 1QCh. 12.5 - Prob. 2QCh. 12.5 - Prob. 3QCh. 12.5 - 1. Which of the following allotropes of carbon is...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 2RCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.6 - Suppose you wanted to cool 100. g of water from 20...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 1RCCh. 12.7 - How many tin atoms are contained in the tetragonal...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 2QCh. 12.7 - Prob. 3QCh. 12.7 - Prob. 4QCh. 12 - Outline a two-dimensional unit cell for the...Ch. 12 - Outline a two-dimensional unit cell for the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 3PSCh. 12 - Rutile, TiO2, crystallizes in a structure...Ch. 12 - Cuprite is a semiconductor. Oxide ions are at the...Ch. 12 - The mineral fluorite, which is composed of calcium...Ch. 12 - Calcium metal crystallizes in a face-centered...Ch. 12 - The density of copper metal is 8.95 g/cm3. If the...Ch. 12 - Potassium iodide has a face-centered cubic unit...Ch. 12 - A unit cell of cesium chloride is illustrated in...Ch. 12 - Predict the trend in lattice energy, from least...Ch. 12 - Prob. 12PSCh. 12 - To melt an ionic solid, energy must be supplied to...Ch. 12 - Which compound in each of the following pairs...Ch. 12 - Prob. 15PSCh. 12 - Prob. 16PSCh. 12 - Considering only the molecular orbitals formed by...Ch. 12 - Prob. 18PSCh. 12 - Prob. 19PSCh. 12 - Prob. 20PSCh. 12 - Prob. 21PSCh. 12 - Prob. 22PSCh. 12 - Prob. 23PSCh. 12 - Prob. 24PSCh. 12 - A diamond unit cell is shown here. Unit cell of...Ch. 12 - The structure of graphite is given in Figure...Ch. 12 - We have identified six types of solids (metallic,...Ch. 12 - Prob. 28PSCh. 12 - Classify each of the following materials as...Ch. 12 - Prob. 30PSCh. 12 - Benzene, C6H6, is an organic liquid that freezes...Ch. 12 - The specific heat capacity of silver is 0.235 J/g ...Ch. 12 - Prob. 33PSCh. 12 - Prob. 34PSCh. 12 - Prob. 35PSCh. 12 - If your air conditioner is more than several years...Ch. 12 - Sketch a phase diagram for O2 from the following...Ch. 12 - Tungsten crystallizes in the unit cell shown here....Ch. 12 - Silver crystallizes in a face-centered cubic unit...Ch. 12 - The unit cell shown here is for calcium carbide....Ch. 12 - The very dense metal iridium has a face-centered...Ch. 12 - Vanadium metal has a density of 6.11 g/cm3....Ch. 12 - Prob. 43GQCh. 12 - Prob. 44GQCh. 12 - Prob. 45GQCh. 12 - Consider the three types of cubic units cells. (a)...Ch. 12 - The solid-state structure of silicon is shown...Ch. 12 - The solid-state structure of silicon carbide is...Ch. 12 - Spinels are solids with the general formula AB2O4...Ch. 12 - Using the thermochemical data below and an...Ch. 12 - Prob. 51GQCh. 12 - Prob. 52GQCh. 12 - Prob. 53GQCh. 12 - Prob. 54GQCh. 12 - Prob. 55GQCh. 12 - Prob. 56GQCh. 12 - Like ZnS, lead(II) sulfide, PbS (commonly called...Ch. 12 - CaTiO3, a perovskite, has the structure below. (a)...Ch. 12 - Potassium bromide has the same lattice structure...Ch. 12 - Calculate the lattice energy of CaCl2 using a...Ch. 12 - Why is it not possible for a salt with the formula...Ch. 12 - Prob. 63SCQCh. 12 - Prob. 64SCQCh. 12 - Prob. 65SCQCh. 12 - Phase diagrams for materials that have allotropes...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Synthesis of ZybanⓇ: 1. Write a mechanism for the bromination of m-chloropropiophenone. Br₂ CH2Cl2 Cl Br 2. Give the expected m/z (to a round number) for the molecular ion from the product above (including isotopic peaks). 3. What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?arrow_forwardSynthesis of Ibuprofen-Part 2: 1. Some pain relievers including ibuprofen (MotrinⓇ) and naproxen (Aleve®) are "α-arylpropanoic acids." Look up the structure of naproxen (AleveⓇ), another a-arylpropionic acid. Using the same reactions that we used for making ibuprofen, show how to make naproxen from the compound below. Show all intermediates and reagents in your synthesis. Show how you would prepare ibuprofen starting from p-isobutylbenzene rather than p-isobutylacetophenenone. What reaction steps would need to change/add? 3. What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?arrow_forwardAcid Catalyzed Aromatization of Carvone: 1. Starting with the ketone, below, draw a mechanism for the reaction to give the phenol as shown. H2SO4 HO- H₂O 2. Why do we use CDCl instead of CHCl, for acquiring our NMR spectra? 3. Why does it not matter which enantiomer of carvone is used for this reaction? What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?arrow_forward
- Assign this H NMRarrow_forwardPlease complete these blanks need that asaparrow_forwardNitration of Methyl Benzoate: 1. Predict the major product for the reaction below AND provide a mechanism. Include ALL resonance structures for the intermediate. C(CH3)3 NO₂* ? 2. Assuming the stoichiometry is 1:1 for the reaction above, what volume of concentrated nitric acid would be required to mononitrate 0.50 grams of the compound above? What product(s) might you expect if you nitrated phenol instead of methyl benzoate? Explain your reasoning. What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?arrow_forward
- Sodium Borohydride Reduction (continued on the next page): 1. Draw the product of each of the reactions below and give the formula mass to the nearest whole number. ? (1) NaBH (2) acid (1) NaBD4 (2) acid ? 2. In mass spectra, alcohols typically break as shown in equation 8 in chapter 11 (refer to your lab manual). The larger group is generally lost and this gives rise to the base peak in the mass spectrum. For the products of each of the reactions in question # 1, draw the ion corresponding to the base peak for that product and give its mass to charge ratio (m/z). 3. Given the reaction below, calculate how many mg of 1-phenyl-1-butanol that can be produced using 31 mg NaBH4 and an excess of butyrophenone. 4. + NaBH4 OH (after workup with dilute HCI) What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?arrow_forwardAspirin from Wintergreen: 1. In isolating the salicylic acid, why is it important to press out as much of the water as possible? Write a step-by-step mechanism for the esterification of salicylic acid with acetic anhydride catalyzed by concentrated H₂SO4. 3. Calculate the exact monoisotopic mass of aspirin showing your work. What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?arrow_forwardSynthesis of Ibuprofen-Part 1: 1. What characteristic absorption band changes would you expect in the IR spectrum on going from p-isobutylacetophenone to 1-(4-isobutylphenyl)-ethanol and then to 1-(4-isobutylphenyl)-1-choroethane as you did in the experiment today? Give approximate wavenumbers associated with each functional group change. Given that the mechanism of the chlorination reaction today involves formation of a benzylic carbocation, explain why the following rearranged product is not formed. محرم محمد 3. Why do we use dilute HCl for the first step of the reaction today and concentrated HCI for the second step? What signals appeared/disappeared/shifted that indicate that you have your intended product and not starting material? What other impurities are present in your product and how do you know?arrow_forward
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