Biology
Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 12, Problem 1TY

Which of the following best represents the central dogma of gene expression?

  1. a. During transcription, DNA codes for polypeptides.
  2. b. During transcription, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes for polypeptides during translation.
  3. c. During translation, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes for polypeptides during transcription.
  4. d. none of the above
Expert Solution & Answer
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Summary Introduction

Introduction: The central dogma represents the core of gene expression. The gene is made up of DNA and the information stored in the particular segments of DNA impacts cell and organs. Central dogma gives away the direction of the expression and the flow of information.

Answer to Problem 1TY

Correct answer: The best description of a central dogma according to the expression of the gene is “during transcription, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes for polypeptides during translation”. Hence, the correct answer is option b.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Gene is made up of the DNA and the information stored in the gene cannot be directly changed into protein. According to the central dogma, the DNA of the gene helps in the formation of mRNA by transcription. Translation of the mRNA sequence helps in the synthesis of a protein.

Option b. is given as “During transcription, DNA codes for mRNA, which codes for polypeptides during translation.”

The central dogma represents transcription of a gene followed by translation to be the sequence for gene expression. Hence, the correct answer is option b.

Reasons for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as, “During transcription, DNA codes for polypeptides”.

The transcription involves the formation of mRNA from DNA. It does not involve DNA to directly code for polypeptides. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “During translation DNA codes for mRNA, which codes for polypeptides during transcription”.

The process of synthesis of mRNA from DNA is called transcription. Translation of the mRNA sequence helps in the synthesis of a protein. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Option d. is given as, “none of the above”.

The given option b describes the correct expression of the central dogma of gene expression. Hence, option d. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Hence central dogma states that the DNA of the gene helps in the formation of mRNA by transcription, and translation of the mRNA sequence helps in the synthesis of protein.

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You aim to test the hypothesis that the Tbx4 and Tbx5 genes inhibit each other's expression during limb development. With access to chicken embryos and viruses capable of overexpressing Tbx4 and Tbx5, describe an experiment to investigate whether these genes suppress each other's expression in the limb buds. What results would you expect if they do repress each other? What results would you expect if they do not repress each other?
You decide to delete Fgf4 and Fgf8 specifically in the limb bud. Explain why you would not knock out these genes in the entire embryo instead.
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