Chapter 12, Problem 1SC

Fertility specialists may advise a couple who wish to conceive a child to use an alkaline (basic) douche immediately before intercourse. What might the reasoning behind this advice be?

Match each term with the most suitable description. ___epididymis a. conveys oocyte to uterus ___vas deferens b. can be inflated by blood ___vagina c. where sperm mature ___seminal vesicle d. target of vasectomy ___penis e. main contribution to semen ___oviduct f. sheds lining monthly ___uterus g. birth canal

Figure 43.8 Which of the following statements about the male reproductive system is false? The vas deferens carries sperm from the testes to the penis. Sperm mature in seminiferous tubules in the testes. Both the prostate and the bulbourethral glands produce components of the semen. The prostate gland is located in the testes.

Figure 43.17 Which of the following statements about the menstrual cycle is false? Progesterone levels rise during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and the secretory phase of the uterine cycle. Menstruation occurs just after LH and FSH levels peak. Menstruation occurs after progesterone levels drop. Estrogen levels rise before ovulation, while progesterone levels rise after.

Figure 18.12 Which of the following statements about the male reproductive system is false? a. The vas deferens carries sperm from the testes to the seminal vesicles. b. The ejaculatory duct joins the urethra. c. Both the prostate and the bulbourethral glands produce components of the semen. d. The prostate gland is located in the testes.

Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/spermpath) to explore the structures of the male reproductive system and the path of sperm that starts in the testes and ends as the sperm leave the penis through the urethra. Where are sperm deposited after they leave the ejaculatory duct?

Figure 43.15 Which of the following statements about hormone regulation of the female reproductive cycle is false? LH and FSH are produced in the pituitary, and estradiol and progesterone are produced in the ovaries. Estradiol and progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum cause the endometrium to thicken. Both progesterone and estradiol are produced by the follicles. Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is inhibited by low levels of estradiol but stimulated by high levels of estradiol.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) can include mood swings, fluid retention (edema), anxiety, backache and joint pain, food cravings, and other symptoms. PMS usually develops after ovulation and lasts until just before or just after menstruation begins. Although the precise cause of PMS is unknown, it seems clearly related to the cyclic production of ovarian hormones. After reviewing Figure 16.3, suggest which hormonal changes may trigger PMS. Figure 16.3 Animated! Hormones govern the menstrual and ovarian cycles. A GnRH from the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH. B FSH and LH stimulate a follicle to grow, an oocyte to mature, and the ovaries to secrete progesterone and estrogens that stimulate the endometrium to rebuild. C A midcycle LH surge triggers ovulation and the formation of a corpus luteum. D Progesterone and some estrogens released by the corpus luteum maintain the endometrium, but if no pregnancy occurs, they stop being released and the corpus luteum breaks down. ( Cengage Learning)