Concept explainers
- Explain staged and continuously variable value timing systems.
The explanation of staged and continuously variable valve timing systems.
Explanation of Solution
Staged variable valve timing:
Staged valve timing consists of a central camshaft, where the lobes push against the wall to open when the camshaft is rotated. Crankshaft provides input to drive cam. Both the valves can be opened when there is a single cam. In the case of two cams, one can be used for intake and the second cam is for exhaust.
Valve timing ideal value point changes with a change in rpm. It is related to engine performance and fuel efficiency.
It involves three cams with different timing and lifts profile.
Stage one- low speed.
Stage two- medium speed.
Stage three- high speed.
Example − Honda VTEC system.
Continuously variable valve timing:
Continuously variable valve timing camshaft is fitted with a phaser. It is mounted in place of timing pulley, sprocket, or gear. The principle of phaser is based on a helical gear set or vanes enclosed in a housing. When the engine is running, it helps in changing time from cam-shaft to crankshaft.
It can be electronically or hydraulic controlled.
Example − Toyota’s VVT-i system.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 12 Solutions
AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGY (W/MINDTAP)
- Example The bar Shown Is. subsected to combined loadings as follows: P = = 20.KN F = 0 to 2 KN T= 0-5 KN.m The bar material has Se=400 mpa and out = 1379 MPa, Yiu= 1000 mpa Find the factor of safety, neglect the transverse Shear- Sol I load analysis ар F T Par = 20 KN (axial load- Pmim = -20 KN fully reversed dynamic) Emark 2km = Fmim = 0 N (bending loading -dynamic) Repeated D=20mm d=15 mm r=5mm L= =250mmarrow_forwardPL 120.8 Paie An extrusion operation produces the cross section shown in the figure below from a billet whose diameter = 100 mm The flow curve for the billet is define by σ = 160 €0.18. Determine extrusion force when (300,200 and 100) mm length remaining in the container. and blarrow_forwardEXAM/3 Q/In the figure below the clamping force on the pipe is (331.7 lb), knowing that a single threaded screw Acme with major diameter (1 in) is used with coefficient of sliding friction (0.2135) and booth screw and nut are made from 1030 - hot rolled Carbon Steel. If the collar has a rolling friction of 0.02 and the mean collar diameter is 1.75 in. Determine: 1- The tightening and loosening torques. Is it self-locking? 2- Thread screw and nut induced stresses. w*7.3+² + Fx (7.3+1+6+43)) Fy (3 10 3.3 in Fx 421 3.3 (sin( 'in 3 in ?) 32° hinge "Sin (12")arrow_forward
- Q1: At a constant velocity of 20 m/s, air passes across a flat plate with ambient pressure and temperature of 20 kPa and 20°C. At a distance of 7.5 cm from the leading edge, the plate is heated to a constant temperature of 75°C. How much heat is transferred overall from the leading edge to a location 35 cm from the leading edge? Tw Q2: The critical Reynolds number for flow over a flat plate in a particular application is 10°. This critical Reynolds number and an isothermal plate temperature of 400 K are encountered by air flowing across it at 1 atm, 300 K, and 10 m/s. At the end of the plate, the Reynolds number is 5 x 106. What will average heat transfer coefficient be for this system? What is the length of the plate? What is the plate's loss of heat? Re 21 Wat Q3: At 50 kPa and 300 K, air moves at an average velocity of 6 m/s across a 20-cm- Thoo P square plate. To provide a steady flow of heat, an electrical heater is mounted within the plate. If the plate temperature is limited to…arrow_forwardQuiz/Find the state of stresses and principal stresses at point (A)and point (B) for the circular cantilever rod of a diameter (5 cm) shown in figure bellow. Knowing that the rod is subjected to a force (F= 12 kN), axial force (P=2 kN) and to a torque (T= 488π N.m). P=2 kN T L= 300 mm Samsung Quad Camera galaxy A9arrow_forwardهنا زيد علي عبد المحسن Quiz/ If the weld size equal to (0.9 cm) find the max allowable shear stress (Tmax) for figure (1) bellow? All dimensions are in mm. fuds L 320 mm Fig. 1 CUS 110 F = 400 N 235 160 36.23% Sin@ X ELX 12 9arrow_forward
- File Edit View Window Help. Open Q11 QUIZ 2023.pdf - Adobe Reader 1 107% Tools Fill & Sign Comment a-Write five advantages and two disadvantages of welded joints over riveted joints. b- Define gas welding. Q2/ A plate, 75 mm wide and 10 mm thick, is joined with another steel plate by means of single transverse and double parallel fillet welds, as shown in Figl. The joint is subjected to a maximum tensile force of 55 kN. The permissible shear stresses in the weld material is 50 N/mm2 respectively. Determine the required length of each parallel filet weld. (Neglect the tensile stress in the parallel welding lines and Design based on the shear stresses only) sarmad. u. s22 P 75 Of D P Update is available x Click here for details. WP RENG 12:55 3/14/2023 DENKAarrow_forwardHWS: 1. A round stepped cast iron shaft of diameters d and D with shoulder fillet radius r is loaded by an axial tensile load P, as shown in the figure below. Compute the value of P that may be applied to the bar without failure. Given: d = 25 mm, D = 50 mm, r = 3.75 mm, Sut = 250 MPa, Suc = 380 MPa, N=1.5. P 2. Make a report about the most effective techniques used by engineers to reduce the effects of stress concentration.arrow_forwardA conical pivot bearing 150mm in diameter has a cone angle of 120degree . If the shaft supports an axial load of 20kN and the coefficient of friction is 0.03,find the power lost in friction when the shaft rotates at 200r.p.m , assuming 1. Uniform pressure and uniform wear.arrow_forward
- Automotive Technology: A Systems Approach (MindTa...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781133612315Author:Jack Erjavec, Rob ThompsonPublisher:Cengage LearningPrecision Machining Technology (MindTap Course Li...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781285444543Author:Peter J. Hoffman, Eric S. Hopewell, Brian JanesPublisher:Cengage LearningElectrical Transformers and Rotating MachinesMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305494817Author:Stephen L. HermanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Understanding Motor ControlsMechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337798686Author:Stephen L. HermanPublisher:Delmar Cengage Learning