
What capability does the fstream data type provide that the ifstream and ofstream data types do not?

Explanation of Solution
Header file used to perform file operations:
“fstream” (file stream) is the standard header file in C++ used to perform file operations such as file creation, write information to the file and read information from the file.
ofstream:
“ofstream” is a data type that represents output file stream used to create files and write information to files using output file stream object.
A file where the data are written is called as output file. When a program stores the output in a file, then it is called as output file.
ifstream:
“ifstream” is a data type that represents input file stream used to read information from files using input file stream object.
A file from which the data is read is called as input file. When a program gets input from the file, then it is called as input file.
Therefore, the data type “fstream” performs both read and write operation whereas the data type “ifstream” will perform only a read operation and the data type “ofstream” performs the write operation.
Example program:
The below code is an example for the “ifstream” usage to read information from file:
//Include the necessary header files
#include <iostream>
//Header file used to perform “file operations”
#include <fstream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
// Main function
int main()
{
string str= "sample.txt";
//Create object for ofstream
ofstream out(str.data());
/*Write information to the file using ofstream object “out”*/
out << "Welcome to file operation";
//Close the file
out.close();
//Create object for ifstream
ifstream in(str.data());
/*Read the information from file until it reaches end of file*/
while (!in.eof())
{
in >> line;
cout << line;
}
//Newline
cout << endl;
//Close the file
in.close();
// Return statement
return 0;
}
Note: Write the information to the file using “ofstream” object.
Screenshot of “sample.txt” file
Note: Read the information from the file using “ifstream” object.
Screenshot of output file
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