Initially the atoms are electrically neutral because they contain the same number of negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons. Ions are the atoms that have gained or lost one or more electrons and therefore have a negative or positive charge. A cation is an atom that has lost a valence electron and therefore is positively charged. An anion is an atom that has gained a valence electron and is negatively charged.

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Chapter 12, Problem 1RAT

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Initially the atoms are electrically neutral because they contain the same number of negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons. Ions are the atoms that have gained or lost one or more electrons and therefore have a negative or positive charge. A cation is an atom that has lost a valence electron and therefore is positively charged. An anion is an atom that has gained a valence electron and is negatively charged.

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