Physical Geography Laboratory Manual (12th Edition)
Physical Geography Laboratory Manual (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134561011
Author: Darrel Hess
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 1LC
To determine

To describe: The first step in the formation of soil.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1LC

The formation of soil begins with the process of weathering. The process of weathering involves the physical and chemical disintegration of rock masses that are exposed to the atmosphere and to the action of water percolating down from the surface.

Explanation of Solution

Weathering is “the physical and chemical disintegration of rock particles exposed to the atmosphere and to the action of water percolating down from the surface”. The process of weathering results in the weakening and breaking down of solid rock and fragments of rock masses, which ultimately results in the formation of soil.

Soil – Soil is the zone of plant growth. It is a “thin layer of the surface consisting of a diverse mixture of weathered mineral matter, dead and decaying organic matter, living organisms, gases, and liquid solutions”. The upper portion of the lithosphere is characterized by its ability to produce and store plant nutrients. The average depth of soil is about 15 centimeters (6 inches). It is staged in a never-ending continuum of physical–chemical–biotic activities.

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