To determine:
The term “New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 (NDM-1)”.
Concept introduction:
NDM-1 (New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1) is an enzyme encoded by plasmid, which is able to make bacteria resistant to a wide range of β-lactam antibiotics. This is because the enzyme is able to break the beta-lactam ring of many antibiotics.

Explanation of Solution
NDM -1 is also termed as “Indian superbug”.
NDM-1 is an enzyme that can resist a wide range of antibiotics.
To determine:
How NDM-1 coding gene spread among bacteria.
Concept introduction:
NDM-1 (New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1) is an enzyme encoded by plasmid which is able to make bacteria resistant to a wide range of β-lactam antibiotics. This is because the enzyme is able to break the beta-lactam ring of many antibiotics.

Explanation of Solution
The beta-lactamase coding gene is easily transfers from bacteria to bacteria through horizontal gene transfer. Horizontal gene transfer is also termed as lateral gene transfer. It is the primary means of spread of antibiotic resistance among bacteria. It is a way through which genetic material is transferred between organisms.
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