CHEMISTRY ATOM FOCUSED EBK W/ A.C. >I<
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780393657159
Author: Gilbert
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 12, Problem 12.12QA
Interpretation Introduction
To find:
Whether the given processes are spontaneous or non-spontaneous.
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Redraw the tripeptide with or without its acidic hydrogensto demonstrate where the total charge of -2 comes from: *see image
2. Consider the data below to answer the following questions.
Cyanohydrins are important intermediates in the synthesis of α-hydroxycarboxylic acids from ketones and
aldehydes. The nitrile functional group can be hydrolyzed by aqueous acid to yield a carboxylic acid.
Nitriles can also be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids using aqueous base. Unfortunately, when a cyanohydrin
is treated with aqueous base the original carbonyl compound is isolated.
OH
CH-COOH
0
HO CN
C
H30*
C.
H
H
HC N
NaOH
H₂O
C=O
0
cyanohydrin
H
+ NaCN + H₂O
Assign all integrated peaks
Chapter 12 Solutions
CHEMISTRY ATOM FOCUSED EBK W/ A.C. >I<
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.1VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.2VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.3VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.4VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.5VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.6VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.7VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.8VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.9VPCh. 12 - Prob. 12.10VP
Ch. 12 - Prob. 12.11QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.12QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.13QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.14QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.15QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.16QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.17QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.18QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.19QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.20QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.21QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.22QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.23QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.24QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.25QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.26QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.27QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.28QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.29QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.30QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.31QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.32QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.33QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.34QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.35QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.36QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.37QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.38QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.39QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.40QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.41QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.42QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.43QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.44QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.45QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.46QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.47QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.48QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.49QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.50QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.51QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.52QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.53QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.54QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.55QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.56QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.57QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.58QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.59QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.60QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.61QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.62QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.63QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.64QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.65QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.66QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.67QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.68QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.69QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.70QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.71QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.72QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.73QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.74QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.75QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.76QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.77QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.78QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.79QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.80QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.81QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.82QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.83QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.84QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.85QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.86QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.87QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.88QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.89QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.90QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.91QACh. 12 - Prob. 12.92QA
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Similar questions
- - Consider the data in the Table below to answer the following questions: Acidities of Substituted Benzoic and Acetic Acids pk,s at 25C Y-CH COOH Y Y - CH₂COOH meta para H 4.75 4.19 4.19 2.47 3.64 3.55 3.57 4.09 4.46 CN OCH 3 A. Draw the structure of the strongest acid in the table above. B. Explain why cyanoacetic acid and methoxyacetic acid are more acidic than their correspondingly substituted benzoic acid counterparts.arrow_forwardDraw the curved arrow mechanism for this reaction starting with 2-propanol in sulfuric acid. Show all nonzero formal charges and all nonbonded electrons in each step. Species not involved in a particular step do not need to be included in that step, and resonance forms do not need to be shown. Note that the alcohol is in much higher concentration than H₂O in this reaction. Harrow_forwardProvide reactions showing the following conversions: * see imagearrow_forward
- . Draw structures corresponding to each of the following names or Provide IUPAC names for each of the ollowing structures [for 4 ONLY]. A. 2-propylpentanoic acid. B. m-chlorobenzoic acid. D. C. O O HOC(CH2)3COH glutaricadd OH OH H3C CH3 C=C H COOH salicylicadd tiglicadd CH₂C=N Joe Marrow_forward. Provide structure(s) for the starting material(s), reagent(s) or the major organic product(s) of each of the ollowing reactions or sequences of reactions. Show all relevant stereochemistry [five only] A. O B. OET CH3 1. LIAIH, ether 2 H₂O O (CH3)2CH-C-CI + 0 0 ether (CH3)2CH-C-O-C-CH3 CH3 C. 0 OH HO CH3 ° Clarrow_forwardHow would you prepare each of the following compounds using either an acetoacetic ester synthesis or a alonic ester synthesis? Show all intermediate structures and all reagents.[Three only] A. B. COOH OH C. D. 0 H2C CHCH2CH2CCH3arrow_forward
- Fats and greases have mostly aliphatic regions which are hydrophobic. Provide a schematic of howsoaps/detergents remove fats and grease from the soiled material. * see imagearrow_forwardWhat chemical has the common name "lye"? Pick one of the 3 esters and show the hydrolysis mechanism to make a carboxylic acid. The organic “R” should be used to limit the redrawing time of the entire molecule. * see imagearrow_forwardProvide the products for each reaction. There are two and they are not related. *see imagearrow_forward
- d. a phenylal Give the major organic product(s) of each of the following reactions or sequences of reactions. Show all levant stereochemistry. [three only] 0 A. B. CH3 Bra CH3COOH OH 1. Br₂, PBrz 2 H₂O 12arrow_forward2arrow_forwardShow how the following conversions might be accomplished. Show all reagents and all intermediate ructures. More than one step may be required [2 ONLY]: A. B. ° C. OH 0 OH 0arrow_forward
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