Description of ceramics, cement and glass must be given. Concept Introduction: CERAMICS Ceramics are non-metallic inorganic solids that are used in structural applications. It is based on oxide, nitride, boride or carbide. They are hard but brittle. They have low electrical and thermal conductivity. They are chemically inert that is they do not react with most liquids, solids, gases, alkalis and acids. They are used in making strong, hard and abrasion resistant substances. Most common raw material used in making ceramics is clay. CEMENT It is a binder. It is a finely powdered mixture of calcium silicates and aluminates. A substance which if mixed with water sets and adheres to other materials and binds them together. Made by grinding together a mixture of limestone and clay. Used commonly as a building material When cement is mixed with water the reaction that occurs is known as hydration. Hydration results in setting and hardening of cement. GLASS A class of ceramics Is an amorphous solid material. It is made up of silica. It is similar in properties to ceramics like durability, strength, electrical conductivity and chemical inertness. Very rigid at room temperature but have irregular arrangement of constituent particle in crystal lattice. Have ability to flow very slowly and so is also called super-cooled liquid.

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Chapter 12, Problem 103E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Description of ceramics, cement and glass must be given.

Concept Introduction:

CERAMICS

Ceramics are non-metallic inorganic solids that are used in structural applications.

It is based on oxide, nitride, boride or carbide.

They are hard but brittle.

They have low electrical and thermal conductivity.

They are chemically inert that is they do not react with most liquids, solids, gases, alkalis and acids.

They are used in making strong, hard and abrasion resistant substances.

Most common raw material used in making ceramics is clay.

CEMENT

It is a binder.

It is a finely powdered mixture of calcium silicates and aluminates.

A substance which if mixed with water sets and adheres to other materials and binds them together.

Made by grinding together a mixture of limestone and clay.

Used commonly as a building material

When cement is mixed with water the reaction that occurs is known as hydration. Hydration results in setting and hardening of cement.

GLASS

A class of ceramics

Is an amorphous solid material.

It is made up of silica.

It is similar in properties to ceramics like durability, strength, electrical conductivity and chemical inertness.

Very rigid at room temperature but have irregular arrangement of constituent particle in crystal lattice.

Have ability to flow very slowly and so is also called super-cooled liquid.

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