8th Edition

ISBN: 9781305475731

Author: Douglas Smith; Maurice Eggen; Richard St. Andre

Publisher: Cengage Learning US

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Statements and Logic

Logic is the analysis of general patterns of thoughts without regard to any specific sense of context.

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Chapter 1.1, Problem 7E

Determine the propositional form and truth value for each of the following:
(a) It is not the case that gold is not a metal.
(b) 19 and 79 are prime, but 119 is not.
(c) Julius Caesar was born in 1492 or 1493 and died in 1776.
(d) Perth or Panama City or Pisa is located in Europe.
(e) Although 51 divides 153, it is neither prime nor a divisor of 409.
(f) While the number π is greater than 3, the sum 1 + 2 π is less than 8.
(g) It is not the case that both − 5 and 13 are elements of ℕ , but 4 is in theset of rational numbers.

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Chapter 1.1, Problem 6E

Chapter 1.1, Problem 8E

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Remix 4. Direction Fields/Phase Portraits. Use the given direction fields to plot solution curves to each of the given initial value problems. (a) x = x+2y 1111 y = -3x+y with x(0) = 1, y(0) = -1 (b) Consider the initial value problem corresponding to the given phase portrait. x = y y' = 3x + 2y Draw two "straight line solutions" passing through (0,0) (c) Make guesses for the equations of the straight line solutions: y = ax.

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Chapter 1 Solutions

A Transition to Advanced Mathematics

Ch. 1.1 - Which of the following are propositions? Give the...Ch. 1.1 - For each pair of statements, determine whether the...Ch. 1.1 - Make a truth table for each of the following...Ch. 1.1 - If P, Q, and R are true while S and K are false,...Ch. 1.1 - Use truth tables to verify each part of Theorem...Ch. 1.1 - Which of the following pairs of propositional...Ch. 1.1 - Determine the propositional form and truth value...Ch. 1.1 - Suppose P, Q, and R are propositional forms....Ch. 1.1 - Suppose P, Q, S, and R are propositional forms, P...Ch. 1.1 - Use a truth table to determine whether each of the...

Ch. 1.1 - Give a useful denial of each statement. Assume...Ch. 1.1 - Restore parentheses to these abbreviated...Ch. 1.1 - Other logical connectives between two propositions...Ch. 1.1 - Other logical connectives between two propositions...Ch. 1.2 - Identify the antecedent and the consequent for...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 2E Ch. 1.2 - What can be said about the truth value of Q when...Ch. 1.2 - Identify the antecedent and the consequent for...Ch. 1.2 - Which of the following conditional sentences are...Ch. 1.2 - Which of the following are true? Assume that x and...Ch. 1.2 - Make truth tables for these propositional forms....Ch. 1.2 - Prove Theorem 1.2.2 by constructing truth tables...Ch. 1.2 - Determine whether each statement qualifies as a...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 10E Ch. 1.2 - Dictionaries indicate that the conditional meaning...Ch. 1.2 - Show that the following pairs of statements are...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 13E Ch. 1.2 - Give, if possible, an example of a false...Ch. 1.2 - Give the converse and contrapositive of each...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 16E Ch. 1.2 - The inverse, or opposite, of the conditional...Ch. 1.3 - Translate the following English sentences into...Ch. 1.3 - For each of the propositions in Exercise 1, write...Ch. 1.3 - Translate these definitions from the Appendix into...Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 4E Ch. 1.3 - The sentence “People dislike taxes” might be...Ch. 1.3 - Let T={17},U={6},V={24} , and W={2,3,7,26} . In...Ch. 1.3 - (a) Complete the following proof of Theorem...Ch. 1.3 - Which of the following are true? The universe for...Ch. 1.3 - Give an English translation for each. The universe...Ch. 1.3 - Which of the following are true in the universe of...Ch. 1.3 - Let A(x) be an open sentence with variable x. (a)...Ch. 1.3 - Suppose the polynomials anxn+an1xn1+...+a0 and...Ch. 1.3 - Which of the following are denials of (!x)P(x) ?...Ch. 1.3 - Riddle: What is the English translation of the...Ch. 1.4 - Analyze the logical form of each of the following...Ch. 1.4 - A theorem of linear algebra states that if A andB...Ch. 1.4 - Verify that [(BM)L(ML)]B is a tautology. See the...Ch. 1.4 - These facts have been established at a crime...Ch. 1.4 - Prob. 5E Ch. 1.4 - Let a and b be real numbers. Prove that (a)...Ch. 1.4 - Suppose a, b, c, and d are integers. Prove that...Ch. 1.4 - Give two proofs that if n is a natural number,...Ch. 1.4 - Let a, b, and c be integers and x, y, and z be...Ch. 1.4 - Recall that except for degenerate cases, the graph...Ch. 1.4 - Exercises throughout the text with this title ask...Ch. 1.5 - Analyze the logical form of each of the following...Ch. 1.5 - A theorem of linear algebra states that if A andB...Ch. 1.5 - Let x, y, and z be integers. Write a proof by...Ch. 1.5 - Write a proof by contraposition to show that for...Ch. 1.5 - A circle has center (2,4) . (a) Prove that (1,5)...Ch. 1.5 - Suppose a and b are positive integers. Write a...Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 7E Ch. 1.5 - Prob. 8E Ch. 1.5 - Prove by contradiction that if n is a natural...Ch. 1.5 - Prove that 5 is not a rational number.Ch. 1.5 - Three real numbers, x, y, and z, are chosen...Ch. 1.5 - Assign a grade of A (correct), C (partially...Ch. 1.6 - Prove that (a) there exist integers m and n such...Ch. 1.6 - Prove that for all integers a, b, and c, If...Ch. 1.6 - Prove that if every even natural number greater...Ch. 1.6 - Provide either a proof or a counterexample for...Ch. 1.6 - (a) Prove that the natural number x is prime if...Ch. 1.6 - Prove that (a) for every natural number n, 1n1 ....Ch. 1.6 - Starting at 9 a.m. on Monday, a hiker walked at a...Ch. 1.6 - Show by example that each of the following...Ch. 1.6 - Assign a grade of A (correct), C (partially...Ch. 1.7 - (a) Let a be a negative real number. Prove that if...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 2E Ch. 1.7 - Prove that (a) 5n2+3n+4 is even, for all integers...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 4E Ch. 1.7 - Prove that (a) if x + y is irrational, then either...Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 6E Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 7E Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 8E Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 9E Ch. 1.7 - Prob. 10E Ch. 1.7 - Assign a grade of A (correct), C (partially...Ch. 1.8 - For each given pair a, b of integers, find the...Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 2E Ch. 1.8 - Let a and b be integers, a0 , and ab . Prove that...Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 4E Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 5E Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 6E Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 7E Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 8E Ch. 1.8 - Prove that for every prime p and for all natural...Ch. 1.8 - Let q be a natural number greater than 1 with the...Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 11E Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 12E Ch. 1.8 - Let a and b be nonzero integers that are...Ch. 1.8 - Let a and b be nonzero integers and d=gcd(a,b) ....Ch. 1.8 - Let a and b be nonzero integers and c be an...Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 16E Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 17E Ch. 1.8 - Let a and b be integers, and let m=lcm(a,b) . Use...Ch. 1.8 - The greatest common divisor of positive integers a...Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 20E Ch. 1.8 - Prob. 21E

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Solution Summary: The author explains how to find propositional form and truth value. It is true given information that gold is not a metal.

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