An Introduction to Physical Science
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079137
Author: James Shipman, Jerry D. Wilson, Charles A. Higgins, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 6MC
To determine
The most common element in the earth crust.
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Orthoclase feldspar is a mineral that commonly occurs in certain intrusive
igneous rocks that crystallize from melts deep within the crust of the earth.
The chemical formula for orthoclase is KAISİ3O3 and its molecular weight is
278.4 g/mol. Most potassium in orthoclase is 39K (93.2581%). However,
.0117% of naturally occuring potassium is 40K (which is unstable with a half-
life of 1.28x109 yr). When orthoclase-bearing igneous rocks form, the ortho-
clase crystallizes and its chemical constituents are locked in the crystal
structure, no longer able to be freely exchanged with their environment. As
this happens, the 40K in the orthoclase continues to decay according to
40K → 40Ar + e* + Ve
The decay produces 40Ar, but the argon remains trapped in the rigid
crystal structure. As time passes, argon accumulates in the crystal structure.
Many years after the crystallization of the igneous rock, a crystal of ortho-
clase from the rock may be extracted so that its argon content can be…
Potassium is a crucial element for the healthy operation of the human body. Potassium occurs naturally in our environment (and thus our bodies) as three isotopes: Potassium-39, Potassium-40, and Potassium-41. Their current abundances are 93.26%, 0.012% and 6.728%. A typical human body contains about 3.0 grams of Potassium per kilogram of body mass.
How much Potassium-40 is present in a person with a mass of 80 kg?
If, on average, the decay of Potassium-40 results in 1.10 MeV of energy absorbed, determine the effective dose (in Sieverts) per year due to Potassium-40 in an 80-kg body. Assume an RBE of 1.2. The half-life of Potassium-40 is 1.28 x 109 years.
A carbon atom, with a half-full outer shell of electrons—four in a shell that can hold eight—readily shares its electrons with other atoms and forms a vast number of molecules, many of which are the organic molecules that form the bulk of living matter. Looking at the periodic table, what other element do you think might play a role like carbon in life forms on some other planet?
Chapter 11 Solutions
An Introduction to Physical Science
Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 1PQCh. 11.1 - Prob. 2PQCh. 11.2 - How many naturally occurring elements are there?Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 2PQCh. 11.3 - What is the most common element in the Earths...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 2PQCh. 11.4 - Prob. 1PQCh. 11.4 - Prob. 2PQCh. 11.4 - Prob. 11.1CECh. 11.5 - Prob. 1PQ
Ch. 11.5 - Prob. 2PQCh. 11.5 - Prob. 11.2CECh. 11.6 - Prob. 1PQCh. 11.6 - Which group is composed of monatomic gases, and...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 11.3CECh. 11 - Prob. AMCh. 11 - Prob. BMCh. 11 - Prob. CMCh. 11 - Prob. DMCh. 11 - Prob. EMCh. 11 - Prob. FMCh. 11 - Prob. GMCh. 11 - Prob. HMCh. 11 - Prob. IMCh. 11 - Prob. JMCh. 11 - Prob. KMCh. 11 - Prob. LMCh. 11 - Prob. MMCh. 11 - Prob. NMCh. 11 - Prob. OMCh. 11 - Prob. PMCh. 11 - Prob. QMCh. 11 - Prob. RMCh. 11 - Prob. SMCh. 11 - Prob. TMCh. 11 - Prob. UMCh. 11 - Prob. VMCh. 11 - Prob. WMCh. 11 - Prob. XMCh. 11 - Prob. YMCh. 11 - Prob. 1MCCh. 11 - A solute crystal dissolves when added to a...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3MCCh. 11 - Which of these is a synthetic element? (11.2) (a)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 5MCCh. 11 - Prob. 6MCCh. 11 - Prob. 7MCCh. 11 - Which one of these elements has the greatest...Ch. 11 - Prob. 9MCCh. 11 - Which of these is the technical name for Ag3PO4?...Ch. 11 - Which of these is the technical name for SF4?...Ch. 11 - Prob. 12MCCh. 11 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 11 - Hot water dissolves ____ solute than the same...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 11FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 12FIBCh. 11 - Prob. 1SACh. 11 - Prob. 2SACh. 11 - Prob. 3SACh. 11 - When solid copper and zinc are mixed to form the...Ch. 11 - What type of process is involved in going from...Ch. 11 - What characteristic distinguishes an element from...Ch. 11 - Prob. 7SACh. 11 - Prob. 8SACh. 11 - Why does a carbonated beverage container sizzle...Ch. 11 - Prob. 10SACh. 11 - Prob. 11SACh. 11 - Prob. 12SACh. 11 - Prob. 13SACh. 11 - Prob. 14SACh. 11 - Prob. 15SACh. 11 - Prob. 16SACh. 11 - Prob. 17SACh. 11 - What formal term is applied to (a) the horizontal...Ch. 11 - Why are chemists so interested in the number of...Ch. 11 - Prob. 20SACh. 11 - Prob. 21SACh. 11 - Prob. 22SACh. 11 - Prob. 23SACh. 11 - Prob. 24SACh. 11 - Prob. 25SACh. 11 - Prob. 26SACh. 11 - Why is it necessary to use Greek prefixes when...Ch. 11 - Prob. 28SACh. 11 - Prob. 29SACh. 11 - Prob. 30SACh. 11 - Prob. 31SACh. 11 - Prob. 32SACh. 11 - Prob. 33SACh. 11 - Prob. 34SACh. 11 - Prob. 1VCCh. 11 - Prob. 1AYKCh. 11 - Prob. 2AYKCh. 11 - Prob. 3AYKCh. 11 - Prob. 4AYKCh. 11 - Prob. 5AYKCh. 11 - Prob. 6AYKCh. 11 - Consider the hypothetical case in which the charge...Ch. 11 - Prob. 8AYKCh. 11 - Prob. 1ECh. 11 - Classify each of the following materials as an...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3ECh. 11 - Prob. 4ECh. 11 - Prob. 5ECh. 11 - Prob. 6ECh. 11 - Prob. 7ECh. 11 - Prob. 8ECh. 11 - Prob. 9ECh. 11 - Give the name of each element: (a) Sb, (b) As, (c)...Ch. 11 - Prob. 11ECh. 11 - Prob. 12ECh. 11 - Prob. 13ECh. 11 - Prob. 14ECh. 11 - Prob. 15ECh. 11 - Prob. 16ECh. 11 - Prob. 17ECh. 11 - Prob. 18ECh. 11 - Prob. 19ECh. 11 - Prob. 20ECh. 11 - Prob. 21ECh. 11 - Prob. 22ECh. 11 - Prob. 23ECh. 11 - Prob. 24ECh. 11 - Prob. 25ECh. 11 - Prob. 26ECh. 11 - Prob. 27ECh. 11 - Name each of these common acids: (a) H3PO4(aq),...Ch. 11 - Prob. 29ECh. 11 - Prob. 30ECh. 11 - Prob. 31ECh. 11 - Prob. 32E
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