File: A group of interrelated data is called as a file. Accessing a file either by using sequential access or by using direct access does not depend upon any physical medium such as disk or magnetic tape. The file can be accessed in two ways. They are as follows, Sequential access file Direct access file

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Chapter 11, Problem 37E

a.

Program Plan Intro

File:

A group of interrelated data is called as a file.

Accessing a file either by using sequential access or by using direct access does not depend upon any physical medium such as disk or magnetic tape.

The file can be accessed in two ways. They are as follows,

Sequential access file

Direct access file

Explanation of Solution

b.

Implementations of direct access file on a magnetic tape:

If the information from the file is accessed directly by specifying the record number, then it is called direct access file.

The file can be accessed through any of the physical medium.

Implementation of direct access technique on a magnetic tape is as follows:

The records in the magnetic tape are addressed from first to last.

The magnetic tapes are updated with the counter for each read or write operation. So, it keeps track of the records that was read last by the magnetic tape.

If the user is granted to read the specific record on a magnetic tape, it first checks the address of the record...

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