Environment: The Science Behind the Stories (5th Edition)
Environment: The Science Behind the Stories (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321897428
Author: Jay H. Withgott, Matthew Laposata
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 11, Problem 1TYC
To determine

The biodiversity and the three levels of biodiversity.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1TYC

Biodiversity involves the wide variety of different species that live together on earth and forms ecosystem. There levels of biodiversity include genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.

Explanation of Solution

Biodiversity is defined as the variability among living organisms which comes from all sources that include terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystem and all the species on earth together form an ecological system where they live, reproduce and evolve new species. It involves diversity within members of species, between species and of ecosystem. Biodiversity is the formation of ecosystem services and it also involves human beings.  The three level of biodiversity are genetic diversity, species diversity and ecosystem diversity.

(a) Genetic diversity: It is defined as the genetic information carries genes of all the species. It also involves the variation of genetic information between species as well as variations between the individuals of species.

(b) Species diversity: It involves the different variety of species on earth. It also involves the number of species and number of individuals within each species.

(c) Ecosystem diversity:  It involves the various habitats, natural communities and ecological processes in biosphere where different groups of species survive and reproduce.

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Activity 12.3: Wave Refraction Pgs 202-203Figure 12.2 is a map view of a headland along a coastline. The water depths are shown by blue contour lines. As you complete the following questions, assume that waves with a wavelength of  60 feet are approaching the shoreline from the bottom left of the figure. 1. At approximately what water depth-10, 20, 30, or 40 feet-will the approaching waves begin to touch bottom and slow down? (Hint: Recall that this occurs when the water depth is one-half the wavelength.)  2. Using the wave shown in Figure 12.2 as a starting point, sketch a series of lines to illustrate the wave refraction that will occur as the wave approaches the shore by following these steps:Step 1: Mark the position on the 30-foot contour line where the wave front will first touch bottom.Step 2: Knowing that the section of the wave that touches bottom will slow down first, sketch the shape of the wave front when it reaches the 20-foot contour line.Step 3: Using the same…
N Depth of water contour Advancing wave crest Beach HEADLAND -10- -20- -30' Land -40'- 50- 0 Beach Scale 200 feet
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