Chapter 11, Problem 1QAP

(a)

To determine

To List:

The four types of steels.

Answer to Problem 1QAP

The classifications of steels are listed below:

Explanation of Solution

The classifications of steels are listed as below:

• Low carbon steels.
• High carbon steels.
• Medium carbon steels.
• High carbon alloy steels.

(b)

To determine

The properties and typical applications of 4 types of steels.

Answer to Problem 1QAP

The properties and typical applications of 4 types of steels are given below:

Explanation of Solution

List the properties of low carbon steels:

• Soft and weak (highly ductile).
• Ease to machine (easily machinable).
• Corrosion resistance is low.
• Easily weldable.

List the applications of low carbon steels:

• Structural shapes.
• Screw and bolts.
• Pipelines.
• Bridges.
• Tin plates.

List the properties of high carbon steels:

It contains larger than 10% of alloying elements, thus the properties of steel based upon the alloying metals.

• High corrosion resistance.
• Melting point is approximately $\text{1000°C}$.
• Low fracture toughness.
• Difficult to weld.
• The percentage of carbon presence is about $0.45-2.11\%$.

List the applications of high carbon steels:

• Hammers.
• Dies.
• Chisels.
• Screw drivers.
• Knives.

List the properties of medium carbon steel:

• Treatable under heat.
• Moderate corrosion resistance.
• Easily hardenable.
• The strength lies between $\text{1400-1600}\text{MPa}$.

List the applications of medium carbon steels:

• connecting rods.
• Rifle and guns.
• Gears.
• Machine parts.

List the properties of high carbon alloy steels:

• Wear resistant.
• Improved machinibilty upon adding of sulphur as an alloy.
• Improved fracture toughness upon adding of nickel as an alloy.
• High corrosion resistance.

List the applications of high alloy steels:

• cutting tools.
• surgical tools.
• Machine parts.
• Driller.